الفهرس 
Review Of LiteratureOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a syndrome with metabolic, vascular and neuropathic complications. Vascular complications consists of macroangopathy and microangiopathy. Neuropathy and vascular complications in type 2 DM received an increased attention in recent years owing to the markedly associated high morbidity and mortality Watkins., et al., 2003).Elevated oxidative stress, hyperglycemia and dyslipidaemia involving low levels of HDL particles are key proatherogenic factors in type 2 diabetes mellitus (Nobécourt.et al., 2005).HDL exerts its protective effect against atherosclerosis by inhibiting LDL oxidation, this effect is due to not only to the reverse cholesterol transport activity but also to the influence of several molecules on HDL which include apolipoprotein A-1, platelet activating foctor, acetyl hydrolase and paraoxonase (Orit ., et al., 2003). Serum PON is an enzyme associated with HDL and its ability to protect LDL from oxidation is one mechanism by which HDL protects against atherosclerosis (Charlton-Menys. et al., .2006).PON1 is antioxidant HDL linked enzyme which is capable of
hydrolyzing lipid peroxides in LDL. Because OX LDL has atherogenic proinflammatory properties. PON may protect against atherosclerosis. An additional antiatherogenic property of PON1 is the inhibition of the oxidative modification of HDL and hence the preservation of HDL functions (Van Himbergen et al., 2005).This study aimed to study serum paraoxonase activity in type 2 diabetic patients and its relationship to diabetic complications.The present study was carried out in the duration between June 2005 and Journal 2006, no patients selected form the outpatient clinic of diabetes and the laboratory investigations were done at clinical pathology department in El Menoufiya University hospital.The study included 48 patients suffering from type2 DM, (22 males and 26 females). Their age ranged from 43-71 years. They were classified into five groups:Group I: 10 patients with diabetes retinopathy.Group II: 10 patients with early diabetes neuropathy.Group III: 9 patients with diabetes neuropathy.Group IV: 9 diabetic patients with diabetic coronary heart disease.Group V: 10 diabetic patients without complications.In addition to apparently healthy subjects non diabetics (6 males and 4 females), were included in this study as control group (Group VI).Their ages ranged between 43-66 years. Non of them was taking any regular medications or had any evidence of intercurrent illness.