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Abstract
Obesity is an important public health issue not only in the general population but also among pregnant women. Maternal obesity is associated with potent risks and complications for both mother and the fetus.
This is a case control study of women who attended El Shatby Maternity University Hospital done on two stages, first pilot study of 100 women was done, this pilot study included 50 cases of pregnant obese women with BMI 30-34.9 kg/m2, age was between 20-35 years and gestational age between 22 and 26 weeks and 50 control women with BMI 18.5-24.9 kg/m.2 controls were matched for age and gestational age with cases.
After data collection and analysis of the pilot study, another case control study was done. The cases were 50 obese women with BMI 30-34.9 kg/m2 aged 20-35 years at the time of delivery (38-40 weeks). 50 control women with BMI 18.5-24.9 kg/m2 were matched with cases for age and gestational age.
Our results showed that:
For the pilot study:
• There was a statistical significant differences between obese cases and non obese control as regard BMI.
• Most of the complications were found in pregnant obese antenatal period. Hypertension was found in 50% of obese cases versus 32% of controls. 15% of obese women were diabetic versus 5% of controls.
• Pregnant obese women in the antenatal period had statistically higher levels of serum cholesterol and triglycerides than the normal weight women antenatally.
• Obese antenatal group had statistically higher levels of leptin than non obese antenatal group.
For the case control study that were studied during delivery.
• 50 cases of obese women aged 20-35 years, gestational age ranged between 38-40 weeks and BMI 30-34.9 kg/m2 were matched for age and gestational age with 50 control non obese women and were assessed during delivery. Obese intrapartal group had statistically higher BMI than non obese intrapartal group.
• Pregnant obese intrapatal period had statistically higher levels of serum cholesterol than control non obese group.
• Obese intrapartal group had statistically higher levels of serum triglyceride than non obese intrapartal.
• Obese intrapartal group had statistically higher levels of serum leptin than non obese intrapartal group
• There were statistical significant differences between obese and non obese women regarding APGAr score at 1 min, but there were no statistical significant differences between them regarding APGAR score at 5 min.
• Pregnant obese intrapatal period had statistically higher fetal weight than the control group.
• 8% of fetus delivered to obese women were admitted to neonatal ICU.