الفهرس يوجد فقط 14 صفحة متاحة للعرض العام
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المستخلص
The history of Egypt in Nubia dates back to the I ^ (st) dynasty from the time of king Hor-Aha; there were records referring to Egyptian conquest during his reign as well as rock inscriptions cut on Gebel Sheikh Soliman - south of Buhen - mentioning another campaign done by king Djer who succeeded Hor-Aha on the throne23.
By the Old Kingdom, in the 11 ^ (rd) Dynasty, the Egyptians founded a settlement at Buhen which apparently was an important site for copper production. As it was mentioned above, at the beginning of the I V^ oplus dynasty, Snefru sent important expeditions to Nubia in order to bring prisoners and cattle. Then, his son Cheops opened diorite quarries 80 km to the west of Toshka and south of Buhen, while other quarrying expeditions were sent south above the second Cataract. The inscriptions found show that these quarries were used during the reign of Cheops and Djedefre of the IVth dynasty, king Sahure and Djadkare- Isesi of the V ^ phi dynasty^ 24 . The expeditions to Nubia were numerous during the v * l ^ (th) dynasty. In Tumas, inscriptions were found with the names of kings Teti and Pepy I referring to missions done in this area; Egyptians were recruiting Nubian mercenaries into the Egyptian am * y ^ 25 Another inscription belonging to king Merenra I mentions that he went to receive homage from some Nubian chiefs. The most famous expeditions sent to Nubia during the v l^ Leftrightarrow dynasty are those of Herkhuf. He recounts four successive campaigns on which he served or directed to Nubia in the reigns of Merenra 1 and Pepy 11 ^ 27
After the reunification of Egypt by king Montuhotep-Nebhepetra in the X * 1 ^ (th) dynasty, the Egyptian pharaohs turned their attention once more to Lower Nubia, not only to expand their boundaries but to protect themselves from Kush^ 28 Some records refer to a war between Amenemhat I and the Medjay at Toshka and the reopening of the diorite quarries.