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Abstract Lung cancer is among the most common malignancies in worldwide and is the leading cause of cancer deaths in both men and women. Lung cancer is grouped into 2 major categories, namely small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The vast majority is of the NSCLC histologic subtype, for which the only effective treatment is surgical resection. NSCLC comprises three histologic subtypes, squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma and large cell undifferentiated carcinoma from histologic and biologic prospective, lung cancer is a complex neoplasm. Several molecular and genetic studies have revealed multiple genetic and epigenetic changes are found in clinically evident lung cancer. Recent developments in molecular biology have increased our knowledge of important biologic pathways for the lung carcinogenesis and have created new opportunities for early diagnosis and treatment. It also makes it possible to provide tailored anticancer treatment such as therapy targeting EGFR. |