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Abstract
Acromioclavicular (AC) joint injuries are commons, they represent 12% of
dislocations at the shoulder girdle and 8% of all joint dislocations in human bodyThe spectrum of injury ranges from sprain to disruption of the AC and
coracoclavicular (CC) ligaments, which provide horizontal and vertical stability to the distal clavicle.
An understanding of the AC joint anatomy and biomechanics is fundamental
for understanding injuries and surgical treatment of this joint Most injuries are the result of direct trauma to the AC joint The traditional classification of three types of AC joint injuries was
expanded to six by Rockwood in 1984. This current classification system is almost universally used and is based on the degree and direction of disturbed anatomy The history, physical examination, and radiographic findings all help to accurately diagnose the severity of an AC joint injury.
The treatment is dictated by the type of injury, for all acute Type I and II
injuries, nonoperative treatment while early surgical stabilization of the AC joint is indicated for acute Type IV–VI injuries, the treatment of Type III AC injuries remains controversial between nonoperative and operative methods.