الفهرس يوجد فقط 14 صفحة متاحة للعرض العام
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المستخلص
The present study was carried out at the Animal Experimental Farm of imal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University. The objectives of this study were to investigate the evaluation and improvement of sugar cane tops as well as the effect of feeding untreated and treated sugar cane tops silage on productive and reproductive performance of sheep. The study include two parts as follows:
The first part: includes eight digestibly trials which were carried out to determine digestibility, nitrogen balance, feeding value, rumen liquor characteristics and rate of passage for rams fed green sugar cane tops (SeT), untreated sugar cane tops silage (SCTS), and sugar cane tops silage treated with 1% urea and 3% molasses (TSCTS) without or with concentrate mixture. Three adult Ossimi rams were used in each trial. The sugar cane tops either green or silage with or without treatments were compared with wheat straw (WS) as a control.
The second part: was carried to evaluate the performance of growing lambs fed WS, SCTS, TSCTS, and treated sugar cane tops silage plus brewers yeast in concentrate mixture (TSCTS Y). Twelve healthy Ossimi male lambs at six months of age and weighing 31. 75 ± 0.16 kg were randomly divided into four groups (three males each group). Lambs of all groups were kept in individual pens. The experimental period lasted for 240 days. Feed intake was recorded daily and body weight every other week.• At the last two weeks of the study, blood samples were taken every week while The 3rd blood sample was collected just before slaughtering. Semen was collected every two weeks at the last three months of the feeding trial.
Two animals from each group were slaughtered at end of the experimental period. Carcass characteristics were evaluated. The digestive tract was used for anatomical study while liver and kidneys were sampled for pathological
The obtained results could be summarized as follows:
I• Evaluation of SCT and its silages:
A)- Chemical composition:
1- The organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), crude fiber (CF), ether extract (EE), nitrogen free extract (NFE) and ash of green sugar cane tops were 89.28, 8.60, 30.29, 2.30, 48.09 and 10.72 %, respectively.
2- The crude protein content of TSCTS increased by 58 and J 04% as compared with SCT and SCTS, respectively.
3- Crud fiber content of SCTS increased by 9.86% units as compared with SCT. while, treated sugar cane tops with 1 % urea and ensiled had less CF content than the SCTS by about 6.15% units.
4- The NFE content of SCTS was lower than both SCT by about 11.68% units and TSCTS by about 8.55% units.
5- Ensiling of sugar cane tops without treatment increased ash content by 3.53% units and TSCTS by 0.6% units.
6- The NDF, ADF and ADL values ofSCTS were higher by about 9.28, 9.45 and 2.87% units than SCT, while they were lower by about 10.03, 6.45 and 0.84% units, respectively of TSCTS than SCTS.
7- Cellulose content of SCTS was higher than that of SCT (37.66 vs. 31.08 %, respectively) while treating SCT by 1% urea and 3% molasses at ensiling-decreased cellulose content by 5.61 %units .
~. Hemicellulose content of SCT was not affected by ensiling process while TSCTS contained less hemicellulose than SCTS (27.66 vs. 31.24 0/0, respectively).
B)- Silage quality:
1- The silage pH values ranged from 4.14 to 4.95 for SCTS and from 5.14 to 5.80 for TSCTS.
2- Silage lactic acid concentration for SCTS and TSCTS ranged from 1.14 to 5.18 and from 1. 31 to 3.10 %, respectively.
3- Silage NH3-N concentration ranged from 4.33 to 5.39 and from 12.93 to 14.20 mg/l00g DM for SCTS and TSCTS, respectively.
4- Silage total VFA concentration ranged from 3.21 to 4.21 and from 2.16 to 2.85 m moll 100ml for SCTS and TSCTS, respectively.
5- Generally, the averages of pH values and NH3-N concentration of TSCTS were significantly (P<0.05) higher than SCTS while lactic acid and total VFA increased significantly (P<0.05) for SCTS as compared with TSCTS. For these reasons SCTS had proved intermediate quality while the treated SCTS tended to be of poor quality.
II)- Digestibility trials
I-Feed intake: Making SCT silage improved the daily feed intake for adult rams by 87.57% as compared with the intake of green SCT. Treatment SCT at ensiling time with urea solution enhanced feed intake by 47.33% as compared with SCTS but there were no significant differences between SCTS and TSCTS. Addition of concentrate mixture overrided the differences in DM intake among all feeding groups.