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Abstract
Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is the retrograde flow of urine from the bladder to the ureter and renal pelvis. The ureter is normally attached to the bladder in an oblique fashion, perforating the detrusor muscle laterally and proceeding between the bladder mucosa and detrusor muscle, creating a flap-valve mechanism that prevents reflux. Reflux occurs when the submucosal tunnel between the mucosa and detrusor muscle is short or absent (Dwarant MJ, et al., 2006).