الفهرس 
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Abstract
Metal Ion Complex Formations are among the prominent interactions in nature, and metal complexation is widespread interest. It is studied not only by analytical or inorganic chemists, but by physical and organic chemists, also, by biochemists, pharmacologists, molecular biologists and environmentalists.
The purpose of this thesis is studying in depth, the formation of binary and ternary complexes of Cu(II), Co(II), and Ni(II) metal ions with some selected aliphatic and aromatic hydroxamic acids on the one hand and some biologically important carboxylic acids/tertiary diimines on the other hand. This is organized as follows:
In Chapter I, an introduction to the role of metal inos in biological systems (biology and medicine), binary and ternary complex formation and the importance of hydroxamic acids in life (biological systems) are summarized.
To date and the best of my knowledge, Chapter II is a concerted attempt to outline briefly a concise and complete review of the previous relevant potentiometric studies conducted in the protonation constants, and formation of binary and ternary complexes of hydroxamic acids.
Chapter III describes the experimental part of this thesis, which includes materials and solutions, experimental technique (potentiometry), apparatus, procedure and measuring techniques (formation constant calculations, Irving and Rossotti).
The results and discussions in Chapter IV, formation of binary and ternary complexes of some transition aliphatic and aromatic hydroxamic acids (acetohydrom acid, benzohydroxamic acid and salicylhydroxamic acid) and some biologically relevant carboxylic acids (phthalic acid, salicylic acid, and 5-sulfosalicylic acid) or tertiary diimines (2.2- bipyridyl and 1, 10- phenanthroline) was studied pH-metrically at 25◦C and I= 0.1 mol dm NaNo3 in aqueous solution. The acid- base properties of ligands were investigated and discussed. The formation of the different 1:1 and 1:2 binary and 1:1: ternary complexes is inferred from the corresponding titration curves. The acidity constants of the ligands were determined and used for determining the stability constants of the complexes formed under the experimental conditions. The ternary complexes are formed in a stepwise mechanism. The stability constants of the binary and ternary systems were evaluated. The stability of the ternary complexes in terms of nature of hydroxamic acid, carboxylic acid, and tertiary diamine is investigated and discussed. The stability of the ternary complexes is also discussed in relative to that of the binary complexes of secondary ligands. Moreover, the complexation behavior of the ternary complexes was ascertained using conductivity measurements.