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Abstract
Acute flank pain (ureteric colic and renal pain) sudden onset of severe pain in the flank is most often due to the passage of a stone formed in the kidney, down through the ureter the pain is characterisically of very sudden onset, is colicky in nature and it radiates to the groin as the stone passes into the lower ureter. acute pyelonephritis is a potentially organ- and/or life-threatening infection that characteristically causes some scarring of the kidney with each infection and may lead to significant damage to the kidney, kidney failure. abscess formation, sepsis, or shock and multiorgan failure. hematuria is defined as the presence of five or more red blood cells (RBCs) per high-power field in three of three consecutive centrifuged specimens obtained at least 1week apart. hematuria can be gross (i.e., the urine is overtly bloody, smoky, or tea colored) or microscopic. it may be symptomatic or asymptomatic, transient or persistent, and either isolated or associated with proteinuria and other urinary abnormalities.