الفهرس 
AcknowledgmentOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Turnover is a central and unavoidable process for all living systems. It applies to populations of organisms, single cells and the constituents within these cells. That macromolecules are turned over, sometimes quite repidly, was discovered long ago, but the physiological significance of this process is only now being realized. Protein turnover, for example, consists of two seperable events, (1) synthesis of protein from amino acids and processing (often by proteases) into a matureform and (2) disassembly or degradation of the mature protein back to amino acids.