الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Over the last several decades, a gradual shift in the interest from treatment of oral disease to the issue of prevention have occurred. Planning of effective and highly valuable preventive strategies definitely requires reliable data on the oral health status of the population and oral health behavior.
The present study was conducted to assess prevalence of traumatic dental injuries among a sample of school children in Minia governorate as well as identification of the possible etiological factors and evaluation of the quality of dental services afforded to those children. It is hoped that such information would facilitate the planning of preventive oral health programs specific for this studied population. In addition it could also highlight the effectiveness of the services being provided in this area of Egypt and the necessity to expand or modify any of these services.
A total of 2918 children, 1635 males and 1283 females ,their ages ranged from 6 -14 years old were included in this study .Those children attended 6 primary and preparatory schools at El Minia city and Talla village. The schools were selected to represent different social classes and different localities in Minia. They were classified according their socioeconomic levels:
Group 1: Two public tuition schools representing low socio-economic level group (Talla primary and preparatory schools and El Hamam Primary and Preparatory Schools). They included 1149 children.
Group 2: Two public schools with relatively high tuition fees representing middle socio- economic level group (El Zahraa ( Northern & South) Primary And Preparatory Schools and Said Pasha primary school). They included 1302 children.
Group 3: Two private schools with very high tuition fees representing high socioeconomic level group (El kawmeya Primary and Preparatory School they and Minia Language School) .They included 1302 children .
The examination was carried out in a selected room at the schools during class hours, in a predetermined timetable, as arranged with the school principals.
The examination included:
• Assessment of the prevalence of traumatic dental injuries among a sample of school children in Minia.
• Identification of the possible etiological factors.
• Evaluation of the quality of dental services afforded to those children.
Diagnostic criteria:
• Criteria for diagnosis and recording followed the specification of Andresen’s Modification of WHO classification (1994).
Diagnostic aids:
• The instruments used were plane mouth mirrors and explorers and digital camera was used to record the present injury or treatment.( Photographic documentation).
The results of this study showed that:
• The prevalence of traumatic dental injuries was 11.8% among school children in Minia and it was two times higher in males than in females.
• Low socio-economic level group had higher percentage of traumatic dental injuries than middle and high socio-economic.
• The prevalence of traumatic dental injuries was found to vary among different age groups ,with the highest percentage recorded between( 8 - < 11) years and the least was between ( 6 - < 8) years.
• Outdoors injuries were more prevalent than indoor injuries among different socio-economic level groups.
• Falls ,sport activities and accidents were the most etiological factors of traumatic dental injuries among the studied population. falls were found to be the most prevalent cause for traumatic dental injuries among the studied population.
• Sport activities, as an etiologic factor for traumatic dental injuries reported the highest percentage in high socio-economic level group among different social classes.
• Malocclusion was a common predisposing factor for traumatic dental injuries.
• The maxillary permanent central incisors were the most affected teeth and the least affected teeth were the maxillary permanent canines.
• Enamel fractures were the most common injuries among school children in different socioeconomic levels.
• Both prevention and treatment of traumatic dental
• injuries has been neglected in different socio-economic levels.
• There is marked shortage in the services performed and high level of unmet treatment needs in the studied population.