الفهرس 
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Abstract
Posteroanterior cephalometric radiographic study has been conducted on 212 adult Egyptian volunteers. All cases were presented with complete dentition and bilateral class I molar relationship. All included cases had no previous orthodontic treatment, no history of facial trauma or medical condition, no crowding in any of the dental arches, and no lateral mandibular shift during opening or closure. Also, all subjects had harmonious symmetrical face with no temporomandibular joint dysfunction.
Subjects were equally divided into two groups males and females. A posteroanterior cephalometric radiograph was taken to each subject. Five skeletal points were selected for both maxilla and mandible. These points were connected to each other to construct two pentagons (maxillary and mandibular). The lines and internal angles for both male’s and female’s pentagons had been measured and calculated. These measurements were formulated to reconstruct standardized maxillary and mandibular pentagons for both genders in Egyptian population.