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Abstract
As people involved in construction, we are very familiar with the concept of getting raw materials, bringing them together in an organized way and then putting them together into a recognizable form. The finished product is a passive machine that does not change or adapt to the surroundings or environment. It works and slowly decays as it is used and abused by the environment and the owners of the project. Construction then is definitely not a new science or technology and yet it has undergone great changes over its history. The industry we see today is the result ofa progression in science, technology, process and business. [8]
In the same vein, nanotechnology is not a new science and it is not a new technology either.
It is rather an extension of the sciences and technologies that have already been in development for many years and it is the logical progression of the work that has been done to examine the nature of our world at ever smaller and smaller scale. [8J
There is currently an extraordinary amount of interest in Nanomaterials and nanotechnologies, terms now familiar not only to scientists, engineers, architects, and product designers but also to the general public. Nanomaterials and nanotechnologies have been developed as a consequence of truly significant recent advances in the material science community. [2]
Possibilities for the future are numerous. Nanotechnology may make it possible to manufacture lighter, stronger, and programmable materials that require less energy to produce than conventional materials, that produce less waste than with conventional manufacturing, and that promise greater fuel efficiency. [3]
What then does something like nanotechnology - a fundamentally high-tech endeavor, have to offer such an apparently low tech and conservative field such as constructioll? The fact is that construction deals with high-tech materials and processes that have been commoditized for use in the never-ending prototyping that is construction. For example, concrete and steel (together with its bolting and welding) are both high tech materials that are simple to use and there in lie their beauty. Materials and desigll therefore, is the first avenue through which nanotechnoIogy can exert an influence. [8]
In the excitement surrounding these new materials and technologies, however, their potential can, and has been, frequently over hyped. A mystique surrounds these words that can cloud understanding of what Nanomaterials and nanotechnologies really are and what they can deliver. One of the purposes of this research is to demystify the subject and distinguish what is real from what is not. Though there is a need to better understand what benefits and costs might be associated with using Nanomaterials, in the design fields little true understanding exists about what these new materials and technologies actually are and how they might be used effectively. (2)
Nanomaterials are materials made from nanometer-scale substances has opened up possibilities for new and innovative functions. They can be used as coatillgs, insulations, air purifying or in product manufacture. Privacy, sustainability, and security are just li few of the issues that will be profoundly affected by Nanotechnology and Nanomaterials. Nanomaterials will help in reducing CO2 emission by new ways and this will reflect in environment, humane and society.