الفهرس 
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Abstract
from our obtained results we can conclude that liver of goats was appeared to be affected with various degrees of pathological affections with a total incidence of 40178. these lesions could be classified according to the associating causative agents into:
I - * Parasitic hepatitis
II- Bacterial hepatitis
III- Mycotic hepatitis
IV- Telangiectasis.
I- Parasitic hepatitis
This came in the first important hepatic affections in goats, as it constituted 28.4% of the total hepatic lesions. It included :-
(1) Fascioliasis
It is considered the most important parasite in goat’s livers with incidence of 11.6%.
Microspically, hepatic fascioliasis was characterized by the picture of: (l)acute haemolThagic hepatitis.
(2) chronic hepatitis.
(3) Interstitial hepatitis.
(4) Granulomatous hepatitis.
(2) Capillariasis
It is constituted the second important parasitic disease in goat’s livers with incidence of 8.9%. Microscopically the hepatic lesions revealed the picture of:
(1) Subacute haemorrhagic hepatitis.
(2) chronic hepatitis.
(3) Interstitial hepatitis.
(4) Granulomatous hepatitis.
(3) Cysticercosis.
Which came in the third position as it constituted 7.67% of the total hepatic affections. It was characterized by the prescence of cysts of cysticercus tenuicollis embedding in the hepatic tissue and the lesions were described in details.
(4) Microfilariasis
It noticed only iii one case with incidence of 0.178%. The affected
liver showed a picture of acute haemolThagic hepatitis with the prescence of few rnicrofilariae in the destructed areas.
II- Bacterial hepatitis.
It came in the second position as it constituted 10.7% of the total
hepatic affections recorded in goat’s livers. It included :-
(1) Liver lesions associated with corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis microorganisms with incidence of 4.11 % corynebacteriurn pseudotuberculosis was associated with hepatic granuloma with caseous necrotic center in which cholesterol cleft could be seen.
(2) Liver lesions associated with staphylococcus aureus
microorganisms with incidence of 3.93%. The hepatic lesion was
represented by calcified suppurative granuloma.
(3) Liver lesions associated with pseudomonas aeruginosa
microorganisms with incidence of 1 .79%. The affected livers
showed multiple granulomas with coagulative necrotic center.
(4) Liver lesions associated with Escherichia coli microorganism with incidence of 0.89%. The lesion was characterized by the
prescence of calcified suppurative granuloma.
III- Mycotic hepatitis.
The incidence of mycotic hepatitis in this study was 0.535%. The
hepatic lesions revealed mycotic elements embedding in the destructed hepatic tissue.
IV- Telangiectasis
FThe cavernous dilation of blood sinusoids constituted 0.535% of the total hepatic lesions.
from these studies we can conclude that hepatic fasciolaisis gain the upperhand among other types of parasitic hepatitis. The reactive pathomorphological alteration induced by hepatic fascioliasis
(1) chronic interstitial hepatitis which result from reparative process which follow the destructive actiou of the migratory parasite and the extension from cholangitis and pericholangitis result from the prescence of adult parasite in the bile duct system.
(2) Granulomatous hepatitis result from chronic mediated immune mechanisms due to the prescence of dead larvae or disintigrated fasciola eggs in the hepatic tissue. It has been also conclude that serial sections technique used in this study was of great diagnostic importance in identification of cross section of parasite in histological preparation as it involve an important organ or structure peculiar for species of parasite under investigation. A detailed micromorphology of fasciola worms infesting goat’s liver were given in these studies to help differential diagnosis of these worm from others infesting the liver. The above mentioned data point to fact that fascioliasis of caprine liver was of great veterinary importance as it result in destruction of this vital organ lead to uncerfitness of the animal and a lauder of economic losses among caprine species. A preventive and control measures must be adepted to combat this deleterious disease.
Unlike the literature the incidence of capillariasis of goat’s liver was relatively high as it constitute 8.9%. This point to the zoonotic importance of this disease in goat. As this species of animal may play a great role in the dissirnination of the disease among other animals and human population.
The incidence of hepatic cysticercosis was relatively low if compared to those of literature, this was due to the fact that in this study cysticercosis was only considered in tlie liver. However the data was of
great clinical importance due to the vltal role played by this organ in the
metabolic process of the animal body.
Concerning the incidence of different types of hepatitis under investigation parasitic hepatitis occupy the first position while bacterial hepatitis become in the second position.
Among the isolated organism corynebacterium was the only host specific, if the animal species was considered. Other organisms are general contaminant and may reach the liver via circulation or it may be associated with other parasitic infections. Owing the fact that all isolated
organisms were associated with variable degrees of pathological lesions a
theraputic and hygenic measures must be adapted to over come these
diseases.
from our investigation we also advised that goats must be slanghtered under veterinary supervised meat inspection in slanghter houses, with perfect condemenation of the affected organs or carcase to prevent dissirnination and spreading of diseases to other animals and human beings. Also periodical examinations of goat herds to detect the rate of infection and regular treatment of diseased one lutist be done. Elimination of intermediate hosts of parasitic diseases as snails and biting insects also recommended.
In addition, stray dogs and house rats which act as definitive hosts
of taenia hydatigena and capillaria hepatica must be destroyed to prevent
the spreading of such diseases to goats.