الفهرس 
Results and discussionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
This study was carried out at Ismailia Agricultural Research Station to investigate the effect of irrigation discharge applying, organic manure and mineral fertilization on the changes in the futility status of sandy soil, nutrient concentration and uptake by main organs as well as its yield components.
Field experiment was carried out using maize variety of hybrid single 10 as an indicator plant in a complete randomized block design with three replicates. The treatments included two irrigation dischargs (2 and 4 L/h), five organic manure rates (0, 1.5 and 3 ton/fed chicken manure (Chk), 5 and 10 ton/fed compost (CM)) and three mineral fertilizer rates (0.70 and 100% of the recommended dose).
Soil and plant samples were collected at 60 and 120 days after planting. Available soil nutrients, plant nutrients concentration and uptake plant organs were measured, as well as yield components were estimated.
The results obtained could be summarized as follows:
The different irrigation discharges had affected similarly on all the measured parameters because the soil drainable pores represented 75% of the total pores, which they could not retain more water with more discharge.
Also, the di-interaction of irrigation with organic manure, as well as tri-interaction of irrigation-organic manure-mineral fertilizer had a little effect on the measured parameters due to the in significant effect of irrigation discharge.
Mineral fertilizer application affected significantly on all the measured parameters, whereas, the highest mineral fertilizer rates (100% MF of recommended) caused the highest effect as common sense.
1.Available soil nutrients:
- The values of soil total nitrogen were more or less little and significant affected by application of organic manure and mineral fertilizer.
- Available K, Fe, Mn, and Zn values were significantly more when soil receiving 3 ton/fed ChM or 10 ton/fed CM with 100%MF or under zero MF. The treatment of 3 ton/fed ChM was superior as compared to the.
- Available P was more affected by the low relative rate of ChM or CM. The values at 120 days were relatively low at 60 days.
2.Plant dry weight and nutrients:
Dry weight:
The treatment of 3 ton/fed ChM was superior for the root dry weight, while that or 10 ton/fed CM was superior for shoot dry weight under either mean values of organic manure or zero of mineral fertilizer.
Shoot dry weight was increased with increasing the successively growing, while root dry weight tended to decreased after 60 days of planting. Shoot/root ratio at 60 and 120 days showed that shoot was grow more than root. The ratio reached the highest value as a result of applied organic treatment at rate of 10 ton/fed CM with 100%MF.
Nitrogen:
Chicken manure at 3ton/fed then 10 ton/fed CM had the highest mean values of nitrogen either concentration or uptake by the shoot and root at the two sampling times (60 and 120 days).
Treatments of 3ton/fed ChM and 10 ton/fed CM with zero MF were better ones as compared to the other organic treatments for N-concentration and uptake at the two sampling times for the root only. N-uptake values for the root and shoot at 60 were more than at 120 days Shoot/root ratio of N-uptake was higher for all organic treatments with zero mineral fertilizer than other ones with mineral fertilize. Potassium:
The mean values of potassium in the plant showed that lowest rate of ChM and highest of CM had significantly superior effects on K-concentration for the root, whereas, the lowest rates of both ChM and CM had the highst effect on K-concentration of the shoot than others. The rate of 3 ton/fed ChM was the highest significant effect on K-uptake of the root, while the treatment 3 ton/fed CM was significantly superior effects on K-uptake of the shoot at 60 and 120 days. Treatment of 3 ton/fed ChM with 100% MF had the highest effect on K-uptake of the root. But 10 ton/fed CM with 100%MFwas significantly superior for K-uptake by shoot.
Shoot/root ratios of K-concentration and uptake under organic manure at zero fertilizer were lower than the combined effect of organic treatments with fertilizer at 60 days and much higher at 120 days.
Phosphorus:
P-concentration in the root and shoot increased as a result of the applied low rate of compost, while the two rates of chicken manure, especially the highest one increased P-uptake significantly either in the root or in the shoot.
In genera organic manure with mineral fertilizer had in significant effect, except for P-uptake root at 120 days and P-concentration for the shoot at 60 days, where ChM represented the periority effect. The treatments of organic manure with zero fertilizer, more or less, had a similar effect with fertilizer at 60 days and much higher at
120 days.
Shoot / root rations of P-concentration and uptake under organic manure at zero fertilizer were lower than the combined effect of organic treatments with fertilizer at 60 days but much higher at 120 days.
Iron :
In general, the treatments of 3 ton/fed Chk and 10 ton/fed CM were the best significant organic treatments on Fe-concentration and uptake for the root and shoot at all the two sampling times.
The treatment of 3 ton/fed ChM for the root and 10 ton/fed CM for the shoot, each with 100% MF, were superior ones for Fe-concentration and uptake at the two sampling times. The highest rates of ChM and CM, each with zero MF, had higher effect on increasing Fe-concentration and uptake at the two sampling times as compared with the others. The mean values of Fe-
concentration in the root and shoot at 120 days decreased as
compared to those at 60 days.
Shoot/root ratio of Fe-concentration and uptake at 60 and 120 days were lower with organic manure at zero fertilizer than the combined effect of organic treatments with mineral fertilizer, except 3 ton/fed ChM that was higher. This means a more iron transfer from the root to shoot, especially at 60 days after planting.
Manganese:
The highest values were occurred at the rate of 10 ton/fed compost, as well as 3 ton/fed ChM, especially the values of Mn-uptake at 120 days.
Mn-concentration and uptake in the root and shoot receiving 3 ton/fed ChM or 10 ton/fed CM each with 100% MF, at 60 and 120 were generally the highest values. Those with zero MF had clearly affected Mn-uptake, especially for the shoot. The mean values of Mn-concentration in root and shoot at 120 days decreased as compared to those at 60 days, while the contradictory trend was found for Mn-
uptake.
The highest significant values of Zn-concentration and uptake at the two sampling times for root and shoot
Shoot/root ratio of Mn-concentration and Mn-uptake at 60 and 120 days were lower with receiving organic manure at zero fertilizer than those receiving organic treatments with fertilizer. In general, manganese was transferred from root to shoot, while 3 ton/fed ChM
with zero MF was the best one. Zinc:
occurred when received 10 ton/fed CM, followed by 3 ton/fed ChM, either as mean values or with 100% MF. Also the highest two rates of organic manure with zero MF had clearly affected Zn values especially uptake. The mean values of Zn-concentration in root and shoot at 120 days decreased compared with those at 60 days, while the contradictory trend was found for Zn-uptake.
Shoot/root ratio of Zn-concentration and Zn-uptake at 60 and 120 days were higher with receiving organic manure at zero MF than those receiving organic treatments with fertilizer. Thought, zinc accumulated in the root especially at 120 days, whereas 3 ton/fed ChM with zero MF was the best one.
3.Nutrients in the grain:
The plant receiving 10 ton/fed CM and 3 t/fed ChM as individually added or interacted with 100% MF had significantly superior effect on uptake and concentration of N, K, Fe, Mn and Zn, as well as organic manure with zero MF. Whole phosphorus in the grain was in significant as affected by organic manure with mineral fertilizer.
4.Maize yield:
The treatment of 3 ton/fed ChM was more effective on ear, grain and straw yields followed by 10 ton/fed CM for either of individually added or di-interaction effects. Also, treatment of organic manure with zero mineral fertilizer,i.e., 3 ton/fed ChM was more effective for ear, grain and straw, followed by 10 ton/fed CM than others. that straw yield was previously discussed with plant dry weight.