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Abstract 77 5. SlH-1ARY />K) CONCLUSION This study wasconducted in sakha Research Experimental Station. Animal Production Research Institute, Ministry of Agriculture during summerof 1990. The object of this work was to study the effect of treating rice straw with 3 ~ anhydrous amrooniaand/or supplementing with El-Mufeed on improving the digestibil ity and nutritive value of the roughage and the performance of growing lambs (4 to 6 months old) throghout a feeding trial continued for 140 days in three successive periods) 1st period (70 days), 2nd period (42 days) and 3rd period (28 days) • Thirty two crossbred lambs ( 75 S Ossimie X 25 S Fimland) were used in this study. Animals were divided into four nearly similer groups with an 5 average of 21 kg per group. Group.soflambs were randomly assigned to receive the following experimental rations: A (untreated rice straw MJ 1ib + cone. mix.) , B (untreated rice straw ad lib + cone. mix. + El-fot.lfeed ), C (treated rice straw with 3 S ~ ad lib + cone. miX.) and 0 (treated rice straw with 3 S M-t:! ad lib + cone•• tx. + El-Mufeed ). The concentrate mixture was offered for all animals at rate of 1 S of L.B.W. during the 1st period, 1.5 S of L.B.W. during the 2nd period and 2 ” of L.8.W. during the 3rd period. Whereas, 200 9IR El-fot.lfeed/head/day were given for lambs fed rations B and 0 throughout the three periods of the feeding tri a1. Twodigestibi lity trials were carried out during the feeding trial, one at the 1st period and the second at the 3rd period to detertlline the digestibility and feeding values of the experiMfltal rations. 8aIIples of runen fluid were col1ected frOll three lambs of each group at 30, 60, 90 and 120 days , and blood samples were also collected fral three 1Mbs of each group every two weeks for analysis • At the end of the feeding trial, three 78 representative lambs from each group were slaughtered for carcass test • Results of this studY could be summarized 8S follows: 1- Ammoniatreatment increased CP content of rice straw from 4.40 to 8.16 ” and from 3.05 to 5.78 ” (about 85.5 and 89.5 ” ) during the 111 and 2nd digestibility trials, respectively. Also, the CP contents of rations C and o ( containing ammoniated rice straw) were almost higher than those of rations containing untreated rice straw (A and B) during either 1~ or 2nd trial • Whereas. the addition of El-Mufeed to the ration tended to dec rase CF and ash content in both trials. 2- Average digestibility coefficients of D”I , ()iI , CP , EE , CF , and JlFE for ration A were 62.16, 66.67, 51.14 , 66.62 ,63.68 and 71.21 S during the 1it digestibility trial and 61.36,64.77 ,49.20 , 53.23 , 56.82 , and 71.66 S in 2nd trial, respectively. Corresponding values for ration Bwere 66.21 , 72.48, 61.42, 68.51, 66.89 and 76.38 S in 1st trial and 61.65, 71.08 ,50.53 , 54.42, 53.31 and 79.05 ” in 2nd one • Values of digestion coefficients for ration C were 69.33 , 73.12 , 67.86 , 78.42 , 73.21 and 73.57 S during 1st trial and 72.35 , 74.96 , 55.47 , 59.33, 73.28 and 19.45 ” in 2nQ one for OM ,<Jot , CP ,EE , CF and N=’E, respectively • CorresjX)fldingvalues for ration 0 were 63.87 , 68.97 , 62.69 , 73:55 , 64.82 and 71.80 during 1§1 trial and 74.90 , 77.57 , 67.44 , 55.42 • 72.11 and 82.16 ” during 2nd one • In general. annania treatll8l’lt of rice straw or El- Mufeedsupplementation improved the apparant digestibi lity of mc>stnutrients of the experimental rations in both the 1st and 2nd diestibility trials. 3- Average OCPvalues were 4.48, 5.39 ~ 7.07 and &.45 S (ijring the 1n digestibi 1ity trial and 3.90, 4..32 , 4.22 and 5.66 S in the 2nd tri.l for rations A, 8, CandO, respectively • .....,i.treat..,t of rice str •• and the 79 addi t ion of El-Mufeed to elther treated or untreated rice straw almost improved OCP~ during both 1st and 2nd trials. 4- Average of feeding values as TONwere 58.40, 63.39, 64.22 and 60.38 ~ in 1st trial and 57.98, 62.04, 64.44 and 66.43 ~ in 2nd one for rations A, B t C and 0, respectively. COrresponding SV values were 42.92, SO.76, 47.32 and 45. 74 ~ in 1st trial and 44.86,50.90, SO.08 and 52.8’ ” in 2nd one • Ammoniatreatment of rice straw either in the 1st or 2nd digestibility trial significantly (P<O.OS) improved TONand SV values. Also, addition of El-Mufeed to untreated rice straw significantly (P<O.OS) improved the feeding values (~ and SV) • Si.Oar)’. adding El-Mufeed to annoniated rice straw resul ted in higher feeding values in tenn of TDNand SV throughout the 2ru1 trial t whereas a reverse trend was observed in the 1st one. 5- ArmlOniatreatment of rice straw and El-Mufeed supplementatipon had better effect on the nutrritive ratio of experimentmtel rations with the low level of cone. mix. (’” of L.B.w.)than with the high one (2” ofL.S.W.) • 6- Lambs on the four experimental rations either during In or 2QQ digestibility trial recorded positive nitrogen balance values, especially with rations containig armoniated rice straw (rations CandO ). 7- The average daily OMintake during the lit feeding period was 0.695, 0.668, 0.803 and 0.739 kg/animal for 1811lbsfed rations A, 8, CandO , respectively • Corresponding values were 0.858, 0.802, 1.227 and 1.108 kg during the 2nd period and 1.026, 1.107, 1.352 and 1.299 kg during the 3rd period. The overall average dailly IJ4 intake during the entire period was 0.811 , 0.796, 1.041 and 0.962 kg for .,i_15 fed rations A, 8, CandO, respectively. Generally, ...,ia trea~t of rice str. ttnted to increase 80 feed intake, whereas supplementing rice straw with El-Hufeed appeared to decrease the feed intake. 8- Values of average daily gain at the 1st feeding period were 24.29, 31.43, 32.86 and 54.29 gmfor lambs fed rations A, Bt C and 0, respectively . The corresponding values were 18.10, 47.62, 78.57 and 95.24 gmat the 2nd period, and 74.29, 80.36, 101.07 and 117.86 gmat the 3[2 period. Values of average daily gain for the entire period were 32.43, 46.07, 60.21 and 79.28 gm in the same order • AIrwnoniatreatment of rice straw and/or El-Mufeed supplementation, almost increased daily gain in all feeding periods. 9- Lambsfed on ration 0 (containing amnoniated rice straw’ + El-Mufeed ) at the 1st feeding period recorded the best feed uti lization values followed by those fed rations B(untreated rice straw + El~feed ). c (anmoniated rice straw) and A (untreated rice straw). Whereas, through the 3.01feeding period, animals fed ration 0 showed the best values followed by those fed rations A, B and C • Generally , the treatment of rice straw with annania and/or supplementing the straw with El-Mufeed appeared to improvethe efficiency of feed utilization. 10- Average measurementsof runinal parameters forlambs fed rations A,B,C and o were as follOWS:- .;.. Rationi: Parameters o hr 3 hr 6hr eNerall It88I’\ pH 6.55 6.18 6.25 6.33 A VFA’s (al eQ/100ml) 5.51 5.39 5.80 5.57 ”*’3-N (1I9I100ml ) 21.00 19.00 19.00 20.00 pH 6.82 5.99 6.23 6.35 B VFA’S(.1 eQ/10C11Rl) 4.49 6.05 6.00 5.52 ~-N (1Il9I1 00II1) 22.00 35.00 26.00 28.00 pH 6.49 6.30 6.21 6.33 C VFA’S(.1 eq/1001tl) 5.22 5.14 5.70 5.36 ~-N (1ft9I100111) 14.00 18.00 17.00 16.00 81 o pH VFA’S (ml eq!1QOml) ~-N (mg!1QOml) 6.64 4.11 16.00 6.34 5.47 22.00 6.40 5.39 11.00 6.45 4.99 18.00 HoNever , there were no significant differnces in pH, VFA’s and ~-N values amongall groups due to either amnonia treatment or El-Mufeed supplementat ion. 11- Averages measurement of serum blood for lambs fed rations A,8,C and 0 were: Items \ Rations A 8 C 0 Total protein(g/1QOml) 7.27 7.33 7.63 7.47 Albumen (g!100ml) 3.23 3.40 3.53 3.20 Globul in (g/100ml) 4.04 3.93 4.07 4.27 A/G ratio 0.80 0.87 0.87 0.14 Urea (mg!1QOml) 36.00 32.0 29.0 33.0 Creatinine (mg/l) 11.90 12.30 13.40 13.00 A1k~i ne phosphatase 7.87 9.63 8.62 7.17 (microgram/100ml) Amn’lOnia ( microgram/100ml) 12.63 11.68 10.97 11.19 OOT (uint!ml) 82.12 75.00 109.71 103.90 <FT (uint!ml) 23.02 29.11 66.13 162.54 AlMlonia treatment of rice straw and/or El-Mufeed supplementation had no signi ficant effects on all blood measurments excpet for <FT as lambs fed on rations CandO shcMed higher (P<0.05) <FT levels than those fed other rations z, 12- Average dressing percentages, based on fasting body weight, were 54.33, 51.10, 51.58 and 54.32 ” for lambs fed rations A, 8, CandO, respectively • The differences in dressing percentages due to either ammonia treatment and !or El-Mufeed supplementation were no significant • 13- Average physical characteristics of carcasses were 17.80 , 16.26, 17.26 and 19.23 aJ as eye IMJscle area; 1.93, 2.43, 2.20 and 2.03 aJ as tenderness; 6.M ,5.53, 7.33 and 7.13 cJ as ~ and 0.64, 0.64, 0.67 and 0.71 as colour intensity for I18&t of lambs fed rations A, 8, CandO respectively. -- ---~--------------------------~ 82 14-Average values for chemical composition of eye muscle for lambs fed rations A, B, C and 0 were 72.73 ,73.19 , 73.05 and 72.68~ for moisture; 81.61, 74.21 , 76.92 and 13.78 • for CP ; 12.15 • 20.24, 18.55 and 20.16 for EE and 5.64, 5.55, •• 53 and 6.06 • for Ash,respectively. Differences in chemical com~sition 8IIlOfl9 different carcasses due to anvnoniatreatment of rice straw and/or El~feed supplementation were not significant, except for EEvalues . Percenatages of EE recorded in meat of lambs fed ration A were signi ficantly (P<O.05) lower than those determined in meat of all other treatments. Whereas ,no significant differences in EEvalues were detected in meat of lambs fed rations B. C or 0 • 15- Average eCOl’lOllicaelfficiency values expressed as the ratio between price of the weight gain and the cost of feed consuned during the 1st were 1.25, 1.13, 1.59 and 1.82 for lambs fed rations A, S, CandO, respectively. COrresponding values were 0.74. 1.45, 2.67 and 2.29 during the 2nd period ; 2.36, 1.75. 2.20 and 2.32 during the 3~ period and 1.38. 1.39, 2.16 and 2.13 during the entire period. Results of the enHre period showedthat anmonia treatment (regardless El~feed supplementatim effect ) improved the economical efficiency by 56.52 • (ratim C versus ration A ) and 53.23 • (ration 0 versus ration 8 ) . Whereas. El-+tufeed supplementation (despite of anmonia treatment) had no effect a1 ec:onc-ical eff;ciency values (1.38 and 1.39 for rations A and B , also 2.16 and 2.13 for rations CandO , respectively) • According to the results obtained fr<:JII the present stud>:, it is reCOl’l’nendedto use 811111Dniarteicde straw plus El;.lJfeed in the ration of growing lambs to illlPr0v8body weight and dressing percentage. Moreover such practice ensure satisfactory body weight gain with hi~ feed efficiency and low feed costs to procU:e one kg weight gain. |