الفهرس 
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Abstract
The present work was conducted to study the effect of chemical
fertilization and some growth regulators on growth, oil yield and
chemical composition of lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus LJ plants.
The experimental work was carried out in the experimental station
of the Faculty of Agriculture at Moshtohor, Zagazig University during the
seasons of 1996 and 1997.
The study included two main parts:
The first part: .
. The effect of chemical fertilization on growth, oil yield and
chemical composition of lemon grass. The first part included two
experiments:
Experiment I:
The effect of each nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers at
different levels either alone or accompanied together as a complete
fertilizer on growth, oil yield and chemical composition. Nitrogen rates
were 0,50 or 60 kg/fed, using ammonium sulphate (20.5% N) as N
. .
source, phosphorus rates were 0,30 or 45 kg/fed. using calcium
~ superphosphate (15.5% PzOs) as P source and potassium rates were 0,30
or 45 Kg/fed. using potassium sulphate (48% K20) as K source.
The main results wert: as follows:
l~Nitrogen
• N fertilization treatments advanced vegetative growth of Cymbopogon
citratus plants measured as number of tillers, number of leaves, fresh
and dry weights as well as yearly yield.
* Nitrogen fertilization treatments increased plant height. in first and
second seasons except the 50 kg Ifed decreased it in first season ..
• Essential oil percentage and oil yield I plant increased by plants
treated with nitrogen fertilizer in both seasons compared to control
plants.
o Chemical composition of leaves, plants treated with nitrogen
fertilizer increased total carbohydrates, N, P and K percentages in the
first and second cuts compared with control plants.
Q Phosphorus at different levels increases total carbohydrates, N, P
and K percentages in both cuts.
3- Potassium:
• Potassium fertilizer increased plant height, number of tillers, number of
leaves as well as the fresh and dry weights/plant in most cases. Also,
yearly yield of herb was increased by different levels of potassium in
both seasons.
• Oil percentage, oil yield/plant and yearly oil yield Iplant increased by
different levels of potassium in both cuts of the two seasons.
Q Potassium fertilizer also increased N, P and K percentages in plant
leaves in the first and second cuts.
o Low level of potassium fertilizer decreased total carbohydrates
percentage in plant leaves while high level ofK increased it.
4-NPK
• Complete fertilization treatments increased greatly all vegetative
growth measurements as number of tillers, number of leaves, fresh
and dry weights as well as yearly yield of herb Iplant in both cuts of
two seasons.
• All levels of complete fertilizer increased oil percentage, oil
yield/plant and yearly oil yield /plant in both seasons.
• The high level of NPK (60:45:45 kglfed) increased citral A,B, total
;r .
citral, Nerol, citronellol, linalool, geraniol and famesol, but limonene,
myrcene and dipentene were decreased compared with control plants. . .
Q Total carbohydrates, N, P and K percentages in plant leaves were
increased by all different levels of complete fertilizer in the first and
second cuts.
Experiment.1ll
Effect of some micronutrients (Fe, Mn and Zn) on growth, oil yield
and the chemical composition of lemoDgrass(Cymbopogon citratus L)
plants.
The concentrations of Fe were (00,100 or 150 ppm), while the
concentration ofMn and Zn were (00, 50 or 75 ppm).
The herb was cut twice/season (August and November) data on
growth characteristics, oil yield and chemical composition of herb were
recorded.
The most important results obtained were:
1- Iron (Fe):
•••Spraying of Fe seemed to increase vegetative growth measured as plant
height, number of tillers, number of leaves, fresh and dry weights of
herb/plant compared to control plants. .
• Oil percentage, oil yield/plant and yearly oil yield /plant increased by
Fe addition in both seasons.
0. Total carbohydrates, N, P and K percentages as well as Fe, Mn and
Zn content as ppm in plant leaves increased by Fe application.
2- Manganes (Mn):
* Mn fertilizer advanced growth as plant height, number of tillers, . .
number of leaves fresh and dry weights in both cuts of the two
seasons except plant height in second cut of two seasons with low
. level (SO ppm).
• Mn application increased oil percentage,.oil yield and yearly oil yield I
plant in both seasons specially with the high level.
cre The high level of the Mn (75 ppm) also increase citral A, B total citral
and geraniol percentage but limonene, nerol, citronellol, linalool,
Famesol and myrcene were decreased compared with control plants.
tJ Application of Mn increased total carbohydrates, N,P and K
percentages as well as Fe, Mn and Zn ppm.
3- Zinc (Zn):
e Zn addition at low level (50 ppm) decreased all vegetative growth
measurements in both seasons, while the high one (75 ppm) increased
. it.
eThe low level of Zn (50 ppm)also decreased oil production / plant in
both cuts of the two seasons, while the high level (75 ppm) increased
it.
a The low level of Zn (50 ppm) decreased total carbohydrates
percentage in both cuts, while the high level (75 ppm) increased it.
a N, P, Fe, Mn and Zn content increased by the two levels of Zn
except phosphorus with the low level in the first cut
i:l All levels of Zn decreased K percentage in both cuts except the low
level in the second cut.
The Second bm
The effect of two growth regulators GA3 and NAA at different
concentrations on the growth and oil yield of Lemongrass (Cymbopogon
citratus) plants were studied the concentrations of GA3 were (00,300 or
400 ppm), while the concentrations ofNAA were (00,120 or 160 ppm).
The most important results obtained were:
1- Gibberellic acid (GA3).
*. GA3 treatments increased all vegetative growth parameters in both
seasons. The superiority in this concern was in favor of the high
concentration (400 ppm) while the low concentration (300 ppm)
decreased number of tillers / plant in the first cut. Also the fresh and
dry weights /plant in second cut of both seasons.
• The oil percentage was decreased by spraying plants with low level of
GA3 (300 ppm) in the first .cut of both seasons compared with high
level of GA3 (400 ppm) or control plants but in the second cut all
levels of GA3 increased oil percentage in both seasons compared with
control plants.
• GA3 treatments increased oil yield/plant and yearly yield in both
seasons except low level in the second cut of first season which
decreased oil yield/plant.
2- Naphthalin acetic acid (NAA):
• The application of NAA spray at. concentration of 120 and 160ppm
increased each of plant height, number of tillers, fresh and dry weights
and yearly yield/plant compared with controlplarits in both seasons.
The high level ofNAA (160 ppm) was more effective than low level of
NAA (120 ppm)on the different parameters in both cuts of the two
seasons.
The results obtained from this study under the conditions of
Moshtohor may lead to the following recommendation:
To produce the best vegetative growth and the highest oil yield
from Lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus L.) it must be fertilized with
NPK at the ratio 60:45:45 Kg/fed. Also, sprayed with Mn at 75 ppm and
Fe at 150 ppm, as well as spray ofNAA at 160 ppm and GA3”at 400 ppm.