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Abstract sUMIIARY ~he 1nve,stigation included two studies 1.e. the f~ret one waS field experiment , whereas the second study waS carrled out in pots • Pirst study Two field experiments were performed in the Agricultural Experimental station of the National Research Center at Shalakan , Kalubla Governorate during 1983 and 1984 seaSons to inveetigate the effect of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization on growth , yield and its components , and chemical contents of soybean calland cultlvar • The levels of nitrogen fertilization were , zero ,20,40,60,80,100 and 120 Kg N/feddan t and the levels of phosphorus fertilization were , zero,30 and 60 Kg p205’teddan -I... split-plot design with six repllcatiOD$ waS used. The nitrogen lev•.•• occupied the main plots, whereas I: the phosphorus levels represented as 8ub-plot treatments • Ten .plants were taken a8 random at 55,76 and 91 days after so;,J.Dg to take the 4ata ot growth _asurements • 1- Growth measuremen’t.I- 1- Plant height (em). 2- .umber ot branches/plant. 3- Number ot ~eaves/plant. 4- Number or f1owers/pl~t • - 112 - 5-Number of podfJ/plant. 6~ry weight ot stems 1n g. Jplant. 7-Dry we1ght of leaves 1B gjplant • a-Dry weight of peds in g /plaut • 9-Leat area(L_A~”cm2~. lQ-Leat area index (L.A.I~”cm2/cm2 •• 11-8pecitlc leat weight (S.L.WJ ”rng/em2n_ 12-5pecltlc leat area! (S_L.A~ ”em2/~” • At maturity” ten plan:ts were taken at random tram the three middle ridges to take the data ot yield components, whereas the seed and straw yield were calculated from the :yield of whole plots • 11- Yie ld and yieId components :- 1- Plant height ”em” • 2- Humber of branches/plant • J- Humber or pods/plant. 4- Humber ot seeds/pod • 5- Humber ot seeds/plant. 6- Weight ot pod ”g.~ • 7- Weight ot seeds 1n g’ IpOd. 8- Weight ot seeds in g: Jplant. 9- Weight ot 100 seeds ”g’w. 10- Seed yield in ”ton /teddan”. ll-5traw yield in ”ton .Iteddan”. 111- Chemical contents a- I-Photosynthetic pigmente. 2-B1trosen percentage. J-Phosphorus percentage. 4-011 percentage • 5-Crude protein percentage waS calculated by multiplying nitrogen content by 6.25. ----t---~-------------. ---- - 113 - 6- 011 yield ”kg/feddan” (calculated by multiplying 011 percentage by seed yield/teddan) • 7- Protein yield ”Kg/ledden” (calculated by multiplying protein percentage by seed yleld/feddan) • The important results were summarized as follows • 1- Growth .Characters A- The effect of nitrogen fertilizer levels :- 1- There waB a significant differences between the averages of number of leaves/plant and dry weight of leaves/plant when the nitrogen levels increased up to 100 Kg/feddatt, at 55 days after sowing • 2- The nitrogen fertilization resulted in increasing slgnirlcantly .the number o~ flowers/plant as well as the Dumber ot , pods/plant when recelyed 80 Kg B/f’eddan, at 76 da)’B after ~ sowiDg • J- The dry weight ot pod8/plant became great by increasing the nl trogen level up to 100 Kg/redden, at 76 days afier sow1.Dg. 4- At 97 days atter sent_ , the nuaber o:r pods/plant and dry weight ot pods/pl811t:ttere affected 81gniticant17 when received 100 Kg X/ledd” • 5- The differences between the averages of leaf area (L.A~ , ..- .- .- -_. _.- ---- ---+--._-- . - 114- , .•. leaf area index (L.A.IJ and specific leat area (5.L.A~ were significant due to the level of nitrogen 120 Kg I/ fedden , at 55 days after sowing • 6- There was·s significant increase in leaf area (L.A~,leaf area index (L.A.IJ , and specific leaf area (S.L.AJ when nitrogen was added at the rate of 60 Kg/feddan, at 76 days atter sowing as compared with the control. 7- There was insignificant effect for nitrogen fertilization on leat area (L.A~ , leaf area index (L.A.IJ and specific leaf area {S.L.A~ , at 97 days after sowing • B- The effect of phosphorus fertilizer le-vela :- 1- The phosphorus had no significant effect on the plant height, number of branches, leaves, flowers, and pods/plant, dry weight of stemli1alnd leaves of soybean plant at 55, 76 and 97 days after sowing • Similar trend was also achieved concernniDg dr1 weight ot pods/plant • at 76 and 97 days after sowillg • 2- Application of phosphorus exhibited insignificant etfect an leat area (L.AJ, leat .rea 1Ddex (L.A.I~ • specific leaf weight (S.L~.~ t and .,.elfte lea.t area (S.L •.A~at 55 am! 97 days after sowing .,:ft.ere was a significant decrease in leaf area index· (L.A~I.), .at 76 days after sowing by increasing the phosphorus level • 115 - c- The effect ot 1nterac~lon t- There waS a signlticsnt etfect on number ot pods/plant due to the interaction between nitrogen and phosphorus tertilizers t at 55 and 97 days after sowing • 11- Yield and yield icompanents i A- The effect of nitrogen ferti1izerlavels t- 1- The nitrogen resulted in increasing significantly the weight of pod and weight of seeds/pod • 2- Weight of seeds/plant and seed index reached their peaks when received nitrogen fertilizer up to 100 Kg/feddan • 3- There waS a tendency to insignificant increase in plant height • number of pods/plant ,and number of seeds/plant with increasing nitrogen leTe~ • 4- Seed yield of soybean as well as straw yield increased signlflcantly up to the highest level. of applied nltrogen t and this was true tor different years and the combined analysis except straw yield in 1984 • ;~._ ••• ;”’L_~ __J”” _L • B- The eftect of phosphO~ fertiliser ’levels 1- - f.; ~-;;:d> 1- Phosphorus 1evels shoiiled 1nslpiflcdt etfect cOIlcernniDg dll’l’orca.’t ;r1e1d compceen1:s o~ Boybeall p1ant at time harvest. ---~- -- ---- ----~-------’--~~~~~~~~-----~ --+--~~--- ..:; .~~ -s: .s 2- Seed yield ot soybean reached the significant level at 5~ in 1983 seaSon a8 well as the combined anal1Sis • The h1ghest seed yield was obtained with 30 Kg P205/feddan • c- The etfect ot interaction 1- The interaction of nitrogen and phosphorus on seed yield was significant • The highest seed y1eld (1.900ton/feddsn) was achieved under 120 Kg N and 60 Kg P20S/feddan • 111- Chemical contents A- The effect ot nitrogen fertilizer~eve1s :- 1- Chlorophyll ”a” in soybean leaves increased gradually and significantly with increasing nitrogen up to 120 Kg/teddant at 55 and 76 days after sowing • 2- Carotenoides became great as nitrogen level increased up to 120,100 and 80 Kg Blteddan tor 55,76 and 97 days atter Bowing respectively • 3- Chlorophyll nb” reached 1ts maxiamm value when nitrogen was applied at the rate ot 80 Kg/feddan • 4- There was insignificant difterences between the averages of ni trag en and pho~ percentage in stems alltl pods ot soybean plant owing to n1 tragen application • 5- Phosphorus percentage in leaves trended to decrease significantly by increasing n1 trogen level • ~--f---_.-----’ ------~I~~!------,. - 117 - 6. Thehlghest values ot all percentage and protein percentage in soybean seeds were detected at 40 and 80 Kg X/tedden • Furthermore the nitrogen resulted 1n decreasing these values. 7- There waS a significant and gradually increase in oil yield as well as protein yield Kg/teddan when received 120 Kg W/ f’eddan • B- The effect of phosphorus fertilizer levels 1- 1- Different photosynthetic pigments showed insignificant trend owing to different leveleof phosphorus • 2- The nitrogen and phosphorus percentage in stems leaves and pods of soybean were not affected due to phosphorus applicatien • 3- The oil and protein percentage in seeds of soybean were not significantly affected due to application of phosphorus • 4- The highest value ot 011 7ie1d was 343.1 Kg/feddan and protein yield was 517.9 Kg/fedden, obtained trom 30 Kg P205 / teddan • c- The eftect ot interaction 1- 1- The differences betw.. the averages of chlorophyll If a” and carotenoldes were sila1flcant due to the interactian between N % P ~.rti1i~atlOD.~ 76 dayS atter sowing • --- -- -- -~._-’- ---_._--” ”,-- ·’..’. ,~’.’ . .:. ..... 118 .;-,-.,’ .•••- ,._ -,’”__ _”.t,’. ~ ”,:-.,. ...~, . .,. achieved with eo Kg • --’. maximumvalue with 100 Kg B tu19. 60 Kg P205/teddan. ----_ ... -.-- |