الفهرس 
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Abstract
SUMMARY
This investigation was carried out to estimate
the genetic variance components in the composite variety
of maize ”Giza-2” under two locations, Shebin EI-Kom
and Uoshtohor.
The obj ecti ves of this study. were . (1) to estimate .the
amount of genetic variance and its components and their
interaction with locations using Des1gn-l scheme mating;
(2) to study the effect of locations on the estimates of
heri tabili t y based on narrow sense; (J) to study the prediction
of the most effective selection method that could
be used to improve the yielding ability and (4) to estimate
the phenotypic and genotypic correlations between
yield of ears per plant and other characters studied.
The field work dealing with this study was conducted
during the two growing season 1982 and 1983 at Shebia
EI-Kom and Moshtohor Agricultural Research Stations.
In 1982, 100 rows from composite variety ”Giza-2”
were grown to produoe the material seeds of Design-las
outlined by Comstock and Robinson (1948). The total
number half-sibs were 64 families, each had 4 females,
70
therefore, the total number of full-sib families were
256. In each of the two locations, the sixty four
half-sib families, each-with four full-sib families
wer- randomly divided into 4 sets. Sixteen males with
four full-sib families per male were assigned at random
to each set for field testing. The set consisted of
two replications with 64 full-sib families. The fullsib
families from each set were randomized within each
replication. The data were taken on the following quantitlve
characters: Yield of ears per plant, ear length,
ear diameter, number of kernels per row, number of rows
per ear, silking date, tasseling date, plant height, and
ear height.
follows:
The results obtained could be summarized as
1) In general, means for most cJI.arac’krs . under
study of the two locations were similar. The environmental
variance (ae e) was higher for the second location
(Moshtohor) than the first (Shebin-EI -Kom) for most
traits under investigation. Consequently, the coefficient
of variability was higher in the second location than
the first location except for silking and tasseling date
where it was relatively smaller in the second than the
first location.
- ~~-- - - -
71
2) The male varianoe oomponent was significant tor
all characters. Also, the female variance component was
significant for all characters with the exception of
yield of ears per plant.
3) The interaction between males x locations were
significant for all traits except yield of ears per
plant and number of roWs per ear, while the interaction
between females % locations was non-significant for all
traits.
4) The addi ti ve genetic variance was the major
component of genetic var ia-d on for all traits.
In most cases, the estimates of addi ti ve genetic variance
were consistently significant with the two
locations.
5) The degrees of dominance ranged from zero in
most cases to 00 in few CBses. The few dominance CBses
were in partial dominance range.
6) The interaction between addi ti ve genetic
variance for all traits was highly significant except
for yield of ears per plant and number of rows per
ear. Meanwhile, all estimates of the interaction
72 ,,”1
f
f·
between dominance genetic variance x location had
negative values and deduced to zero.
7) The estimates of heritability in narrow sense
for full-sib families ranged from zero for ear length
and number of kernels per row to 80.75% for ear height.
For yield of ears per plant, the heritability values
were similar in the two locations and their combined
analysis.
8) The most correlation values phenotypio and
genotypic in the second location (Moshtohor) were
lower than in the first location (Shebin-EI -Kom).
The magnitude of the genetic correlation was almost
similar to the phenotypic correlations. Most correlation
coefficients had no predictive value to utilize
the coefficient in indirect selection programe. Number
of kernels per row is the important oharacter as average
of the two locations which have relatively high influenoe
on yield per plant.
9) The predicted genetic advance per cycle for
improvement the variety under investigation using
mass selection one sex, modified ear-to-row seleotion,
half-sib family selection, full-sib family selection,
73
progeny test and 31 family selection were 1.98, 1.13,
2 . 84, 6. 38, 4. 52 and 8. 42, res pect i vel y . The 31 f ami 1Y
and full-sib family selection were the. best methods
to i~prove the variety under study when the number of
years per cycle will be taken into consideration.
SUMMARY
This investigation
the genetic vanance
was carried out to estimate
components m the composite variety
of maize ”Giza-2”
and Uoshtohor.
under two locations, Shebin EI -Kom
The obj ecti ves of this study. were . (1) to estimate .the
amount of genetic vanance
interaction with locations
and its components and their
usmg Deslgn-l scheme mating;
(2) to study the effect of locations on the estimates of
heri tabili t y based on narrow sense; (.J) to study the prediction
of the most effective selection method that could
be used to Improve the yielding ability and (4) to estimate
the phenotypic and genotypic correlations between
yield of ears per plant and other characters studied.
The field work dealing with this study was conducted
during the two growmg season 1982 and 1983 at Shebia
EI-Kom and Moshtohor Agricultural Research Stations.
In 1982, 100 rows from composite variety ”Giza-2”
were grown to produoe the material seeds of Design-las
outlined by Comstock and Robinson (1948). The total
number half-sibs were 64 families, each had 4 females,
70
therefore, the total number of full-sib families were
256. In each of the two locations, the sixty four
half-sib families, each-with four full-sib families
wer- randomly divided into 4 sets. Sixteen males with
four full-sib families per male were assigned at random
to each set for field testing. The set consisted of
two replications with 64 full-sib families. The fullsib
families from each set were randomized within each
replication. The data were taken on the following quantitlve
characters: Yield of ears per plant, ear length,
ear diameter, number of kernels per row, number of rows
per ear, silking date, tasseling date, plant height, and
ear height.
follows:
The results obtained could be summarized as
1) In general, means for most cJI.arac’krs . under
study of the two locations were similar. The environmental
vanance (ae e) was higher for the second location
(Moshtohor) than the first (Shebin-EI -Kom) for most
traits under investigation. Consequently, the coefficient
of variability was higher III the second location than
the first location except for silking and tasseling date
where it was relatively
first location.
smaller in the second than the
71
2) The male vananoe oomponent was significant tor
all characters. Also, the female variance component was
significant for all characters with the exception of
yield of ears per plant.
3) The interaction between males x locations were
significant for all traits except yield of ears per
plant and number of roWs per ear, while the interaction
between females % locations
traits.
was non-significant for all
4) The addi ti ve genetic vanance was the major
component of genetic var ia-d on for all traits.
In most cases, the estimates of addi ti ve genetic varlance
were consistently
locations.
significant with the two
5) The degrees of dominance ranged from zero III
most cases to 00 in few CBses. The few dominance CBses
were III partial dominance range.
6) The interaction between addi ti ve genetic
vanance for all traits was highly significant except
for yield of ears per plant and number of rows per
ear. Meanwhile, all estimates of the interaction
72
between dominance genetic vanance x location had
negative values and deduced to zero.
7) The estimates of heritability In narrow sense
for full-sib families ranged from zero for ear length
and number of kernels per row to 80.75% for ear height.
For yield of ears per plant, the heritability values
were similar in the two locations and their combined
analysis.
8) The most correlation values phenotypio and
genotypic in the second location
lower than In the first location
(Mosltohor) were
(Shebin-EI -Kom).
The magnitude of the genetic correlation was almost
similar to the phenotypic correlations. Most correlation
coefficients had no predictive value to utilize
the coefficient In indirect selection programe. Number
of kernels per row is the important oharacter as average
of the two locations which have relatively high influenoe
on yield per plant.
9) The predicted genetic advance per cycle for
improvement the variety under investigation USIng
mass selection one sex, modified ear-to-row seleotion,
half-sib family selection, full-sib family selection,
73
progeny test and 31 family selection were 1.98, 1.13,
2.84, 6.38, 4.52 and 8.42, respectively. The 31 familY
and full-sib family selection were the. best methods
to i-prove the variety under study when the number of
years per cycle will be taken into consideration.
SUMMARY
This investigation
the genetic vanance
was carried out to estimate
components m the composite variety
of maize ”Giza-2”
and Uoshtohor.
under two locations, Shebin EI -Kom
The obj ecti ves of this study. were . (1) to estimate .the
amount of genetic vanance
interaction with locations
and its components and their
usmg Deslgn-l scheme mating;
(2) to study the effect of locations on the estimates of
heri tabili t y based on narrow sense; (.J) to study the prediction
of the most effective selection method that could
be used to Improve the yielding ability and (4) to estimate
the phenotypic and genotypic correlations between
yield of ears per plant and other characters studied.
The field work dealing with this study was conducted
during the two growmg season 1982 and 1983 at Shebia
EI-Kom and Moshtohor Agricultural Research Stations.
In 1982, 100 rows from composite variety ”Giza-2”
were grown to produoe the material seeds of Design-las
outlined by Comstock and Robinson (1948). The total
number half-sibs were 64 families, each had 4 females,
70
therefore, the total number of full-sib families were
256. In each of the two locations, the sixty four
half-sib families, each-with four full-sib families
wer- randomly divided into 4 sets. Sixteen males with
four full-sib families per male were assigned at random
to each set for field testing. The set consisted of
two replications with 64 full-sib families. The fullsib
families from each set were randomized within each
replication. The data were taken on the following quantitlve
characters: Yield of ears per plant, ear length,
ear diameter, number of kernels per row, number of rows
per ear, silking date, tasseling date, plant height, and
ear height.
follows:
The results obtained could be summarized as
1) In general, means for most cJI.arac’krs . under
study of the two locations were similar. The environmental
vanance (ae e) was higher for the second location
(Moshtohor) than the first (Shebin-EI -Kom) for most
traits under investigation. Consequently, the coefficient
of variability was higher III the second location than
the first location except for silking and tasseling date
where it was relatively
first location.
smaller in the second than the
71
2) The male vananoe oomponent was significant tor
all characters. Also, the female variance component was
significant for all characters with the exception of
yield of ears per plant.
3) The interaction between males x locations were
significant for all traits except yield of ears per
plant and number of roWs per ear, while the interaction
between females % locations
traits.
was non-significant for all
4) The addi ti ve genetic vanance was the major
component of genetic var ia-d on for all traits.
In most cases, the estimates of addi ti ve genetic varlance
were consistently
locations.
significant with the two
5) The degrees of dominance ranged from zero III
most cases to 00 in few CBses. The few dominance CBses
were III partial dominance range.
6) The interaction between addi ti ve genetic
vanance for all traits was highly significant except
for yield of ears per plant and number of rows per
ear. Meanwhile, all estimates of the interaction
72
between dominance genetic vanance x location had
negative values and deduced to zero.
7) The estimates of heritability In narrow sense
for full-sib families ranged from zero for ear length
and number of kernels per row to 80.75% for ear height.
For yield of ears per plant, the heritability values
were similar in the two locations and their combined
analysis.
8) The most correlation values phenotypio and
genotypic in the second location
lower than In the first location
(Mosltohor) were
(Shebin-EI -Kom).
The magnitude of the genetic correlation was almost
similar to the phenotypic correlations. Most correlation
coefficients had no predictive value to utilize
the coefficient In indirect selection programe. Number
of kernels per row is the important oharacter as average
of the two locations which have relatively high influenoe
on yield per plant.
9) The predicted genetic advance per cycle for
improvement the variety under investigation USIng
mass selection one sex, modified ear-to-row seleotion,
half-sib family selection, full-sib family selection,
73
progeny test and 31 family selection were 1.98, 1.13,
2.84, 6.38, 4.52 and 8.42, respectively. The 31 familY
and full-sib family selection were the. best methods
to i-prove the variety under study when the number of
years per cycle will be taken into consideration.
SUMMARY
This investigation was carried out to estimate
the genetic vanance components m the composite variety
of maize ”Giza-2” under two locations, Shebin EI -Kom
and Uoshtohor.
The obj ecti ves of this study. were . (1) to estimate .the
amount of genetic vanance and its components and their
interaction with locations usmg Deslgn-l scheme mating;
(2) to study the effect of locations on the estimates of
heri tabili ty based on narrow sense; (.J) to study the prediction
of the most effective selection method that could
be used to Improve the yielding ability and (4) to estimate
the phenotypic and genotypic correlations between
yield of ears per plant and other characters studied.
The field work dealing with this study was conducted
during the two growmg season 1982 and 1983 at Shebia
EI-Kom and Moshtohor Agricultural Research Stations.
In 1982, 100 rows from composite variety ”Giza-2”
were grown to produoe the material seeds of Design-las
outlined by Comstock and Robinson (1948). The total
number half-sibs were 64 families, each had 4 females,
70
therefore, the total number of full-sib families were
256. In each of the two locations, the sixty four
half-sib families, each-with four full-sib families
wer- randomly divided into 4 sets. Sixteen males with
four full-sib families per male were assigned at random
to each set for field testing. The set consisted of
two replications with 64 full-sib families. The fullsib
families from each set were randomized wi thin each
replication. The data were taken on the following quantitlve
characters: Yield of ears per plant, ear length,
ear diameter, number of kernels per row, number of rows
per ear, silking date, tasseling
obtained
date, plant height, and
ear height.
follows:
The results could be summarized as
I) In general, means for most cJI.arac’krs . under
study of the two locations were similar. The environmental
vanance (ae e) was higher for the second location
(Moshtohor) than the first (Shebin-EI -Kom) for most
traits under investigation. Consequently, the coefficient
of variability was higher III the second location than
the first location except for silking and tasseling date
where it was relatively the
first location.
smaller in the second than
71
2) The male vananoe oomponent was significant tor
all characters. Also, the female vanance component was
significant for all characters with the exception of
yield of ears per plant.
3) The interaction between males x locations were
significant for all traits except yield of ears per
plant and number of roWs per ear, while the interaction
between females
traits.
% locations was non-significant for all
4) The addi ti ve genetic vanance was the major
component of genetic var ia-d on for all traits.
In most cases, the estimates of addi ti ve genetic varlance
were consistently significant with the two
locations.
5) The degrees of dominance ranged from zero III
most cases to 00 III few CBses. The few dominance CBses
were III partial dominance range.
6) The interaction between addi ti ve genetic
vanance for all traits was highly significant except
for yield of ears per plant and number of rows per
ear. Meanwhile, all estimates of the interaction
72
between dominance genetic vanance x location had
negative values and deduced to zero.
7) The estimates of heritability In narrow sense
for full-sib families ranged from zero for ear length
and number of kernels per row to 80.75% for ear height.
For yield of ears per plant, the heritability values
were similar in the two locations and their combined
analysis.
8) The most correlation values phenotypio and
genotypic in the second location
lower than In the first location
(Mosltohor)
(Shebin-EI -Kom).
were
The magnitude of the genetic correlation was almost
similar to the phenotypic correlations. Most correlation
coefficients had no predictive value to utilize
the coefficient In indirect selection programe. Number
of kernels per row IS the important oharacter as average
of the two locations which have relatively high influenoe
on yield per plant.
9) The predicted genetic advance per cycle for
improvement the variety under investigation USIng
mass selection one sex, modified ear-to-row seleotion,
half-sib family selection, full-sib family selection,
73
progeny test and 31 family selection were 1.98, 1.13,
2.84, 6.38, 4.52 and 8.42, respectively. The 31 familY
and full-sib family selection were the. best methods
to i-prove the variety under study when the number of
years per cycle will be taken into consideration.
SUMMARY
This investigation was carried out to estimate
the genetic variance components in the composite variety
of maize ”Giza-2” under two locations, Shebin EI-Kom
and Uoshtohor.
The objectives of this study.were .(1) to estimate .. the
amount of genetic variance and its components and their
interaction with locations using Des1gn-l scheme mating;
(2) to study the effect of locations on the estimates of
heritability based on narrow sense; (J) to study the prediction
of the most effective selection method that could
be used to improve the yielding ability and (4)to estimate
the phenotypic and genotypic correlations between
yield of ears per plant and other characters studied.
The field work dealing with this study was conducted
during the two growing season 1982 and 1983 at Shebia
EI-Kom and Moshtohor Agricultural Research Stations.
In 1982, 100 rows from composite variety ”Giza-2”
were grown to produoe the material seeds of Design-I as
outlined by Comstock and Robinson (1948). The total
number half-sibs were 64 families, each had 4 females,
---._--._--- .-.--~-- --._--- - .._. --._”- ~-----
70
therefore, the total number of full-sib families were
256. In each of the two locations, the sixty four
half-sib families, each-with four full-sib families
wer~ randomly divided into 4 sets. Sixteen males with
four full-sib families per male were assigned at random
to each set for field testing. The set consisted of
two replications with 64 full-sib families. The fullsib
families from each set were randomized within each
replication. The data were taken on the following quantit1ve
characters: Yield of ears per plant, ear length,
ear diameter, number of kernels per row, number of rows
per ear, silking date, tasseling date, plant height, and
ear height. The results obtained could be summarized as
follows:
1) In general, means for most cJI.arac’krs . under
study of the two locations were similar. The environmental
variance (ae e) was higher for the second location
(Moshtohor) than the first (Shebin-EI-Kom) for most
traits under investigation. Consequently, the coefficient
of variability was higher in the second location than
the first location except for silking and tasseling date
where it was relatively smaller in the second than the
first location.
---~-------- ---.- -_.~~--._- ----- .
71
2) The male varianoe oomponent was significant tor
all characters. Also, the female variance component was
significant for all characters with the exception of
yield of ears per plant.
3) The interaction between males x locations were
significant for all traits except yield of ears per
plant and number of roWs per ear, while the interaction
between females % locations was non-significant for all
traits.
4) The additive genetic variance was the major
component of genetic varia~ion for all traits.
In most cases, the estimates of additive genetic variance
were consistently significant with the two
locations.
5) The degrees of dominance ranged from zero in
most cases to 00 in few CBses. The few dominance CBses
were in partial dominance range.
6) The interaction between additive genetic
variance for all traits was highly significant except
for yield of ears per plant and number of rows per
ear. Meanwhile, all estimates of the interaction
72 ..”1
f
f·
between dominance genetic variance x location had
negative values and deduced to zero.
7) The estimates of heritability in narrow sense
for full-sib families ranged from zero for ear length
and number of kernels per row to 80.75% for ear height.
For yield of ears per plant, the heritability values
were similar in the two locations and their combined
analysis.
8) The most correlation values phenotypio and
genotypic in the second location (Moshtohor) were
lower than in the first location (Shebin-EI-Kom).
The magnitude of the genetic correlation was almost
similar to the phenotypic correlations. Most correlation
coefficients had no predictive value to utilize
the coefficient in indirect selection programe. Number
of kernels per row is the important oharacter as average
of the two locations which have relatively high influenoe
on yield per plant.
9) The predicted genetic advance per cycle for
improvement the variety under investigation using
mass selection one sex, modified ear-to-row seleotion,
half-sib family selection, full-sib family selection,
._----- ---------
73
progeny test and 31 family selection were 1.98, 1.13,
2.84, 6.38, 4.52 and 8.42, respectively. The 31 family
and full-sib family selection were the. best methods_
to i~prove the variety under study when the number of
years per cycle will be taken into consideration.