الفهرس 
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Abstract
Five field experiments were carried out at the Experimental Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, Menoufia University, during the two successive seasons of 1980/81 and 1981/82.The aim of this study is to investigate the susceptibility of 39 different cultivars of 12 field crops to
Meloidogyne javanica. Meloidogyne incognita. And Pratylenchus zeae nematodes infection under controlled conditions in pot experiments. The aim of this work also is to study the effect of the additive farmyard manure to soil singly and plus pesticies on mixed nematode community in soil and roots, on plant growth response, yield and chemical component of field crops under naturally infection of nematodes community in the field. 2. Results revealed that faba bean (cv. Giza 1); wheat(cvs. Giza 156, Giza 157 and Chenab 70); and Egyptian lupine were susceptible to M. javanica, when compared with the other tested winter field crops. While faba bean (cv. Giza 1) and wheat (cv. Giza 157) were susceptible to M. incognita. On the other hand, faba bean (cv. introduction 155); flax (cv. Raulinus); and
fenugreek were susceptible to P. zeae. 3. No infection took place at all with both rootknot nematode species in the roots of sesame (cv. Giza 23) but it was infected with lesion nematode” P. zeae. On the contrary, soybean (cv. Williams) was not infected with
P. zeae, but it was infected with the two species of root-knot nematodes. On the other hand cotton (cvs. Giza 70 and Giza 74) were not infected with M. incognita and P. zeae. Maize plants (Pioneer and Balady) sustained the highest population of P. zeae and the lowest population of the two species of root-knot nematodes. 4. Remarkable inhibition on plant growth response of all the tested winter and summer field crops was recorded in dry
weight per plant due to root-knot and lesion nematodes
infection. This inhibition caused in turn a great
deterioration in the obtained yield. 5. The density of dominant nematode genera in soil of wheat cv. Sakha 8 were Tylenchorhynchus, Meloidogyne, Pratylenchusr Tylenchusr and Helicotylenchus. But the associated nematode genera with the roots were Meloidogyne and Pratylenchus. Nematode genera which were found in soil of wheat cv. Giza 157 plots were: Tylenchorhynchusr Meloidogyner Tylenchusr Helicotylenchus and Trichodorus. But Meloidogyne was the associated nematode genus in the roots only. 6. Soil of faba bean cv. Giza 1 were infested with Meloidogyner Tylenchorhynchusr Pratylenchusr and Helicotylenchus. Roots of faba bean cv. Giza 3 were infested with Meloidogyner Helicotylenchusr Pratylenchusr Rotylenchulusr and Tricodorus, The roots of both cultivars were associated with Meloidogyne.and Pratylenchus7. Nematode genera in soil of clover ”Meskawy cultivar” were Meloidogyner cotylenchusrRotylenchulusrTylenchorhynchusrTrichodorus and Tylenchus. But Meloidogyne was associatedwith clover roots.
8. The occurrence of nematode genera in soil of cotton cv.
Giza 75 were Meloidogyner Tylenchorhynchusr Tylenchusr
Pratylenchusr Criconemoides and Tricodorus. In soil of
cotton cv. Giza 69 nematode genera were, Meloidogyner
Tylenchusr Helicotylenchusr Longidorusr Criconemoidesr
and Pratylenchus. But the associated nematode genera with
the roots of both cotton cultivars were Meloidogyne and
Pratylenchus.9. In soil of maize cv. Balady nematode genera were
Protylenchusr Tylenchusr Tylenchorhynchus Meloidogyne
and Trichodorus. But Pratylenchus was associated with the
roots. Maize cv. Pioneer 514 soil were infested with
Pratylenchusr Meloidogyner Tylenchusr Helicotylenchusr and
Tylenchorhynchus. The roots were associated with
Pratylenchus and Meloidogyne.10. Temik treatment had the best potency in reducing nematode comunity in the soil and as well as nematodes associated with the roots of wheat (cvs. Giza 157 and Sakha 8); faba bean (cvs. Giza 1 and Giza 3); Egyptian clover (cv. Meskawy); cotton (cv. Giza 75 and Giza 69); and maize (cvs. Balady and On the contrary farmyard manure application gave a remarkable increase of nematode community in the soil of wheat (cv.Giza 157)faba bean (cvs. Giza 1 and Giza 3); and nematode
community associated with the roots of faba bean (cv. Giza 1).
12. Application of herbicides under the field conditions viz.,
Brominal on wheat; Cobex on faba bean, Egyptian clover, and
cotton; and Atrazine on maize gave a satisfactory control
measure against nematode community in fields of the tested
crops. 13. The application of the nematicide, Temik plus one of the
herbicides (Cobex or Brominal, or Atrazine) or farmyard
manure gave a good result in controlling the mixed nematode
community in soil and the nematodes associated with roots
of winter and summer field crops.14. Studies on the effect of agricultural .treatments on plant growth, yield and chemical components revealed that almost the growth characters and yield
component of the tested crops were significantly
affected by pesticide and manuring treatments in both
seasons.15. With regard to wheat, Temik and Farmyard manure gave
the highest increase in plant height, number of tillers/
m and dry weight/plant. Farmyard manure produced the
best result in this respect in comparison with the other
treatments with regard to spike length, spike weight,
grain weight per spike, straw yield, and grain yield.
16. Sakha 8 cultivar was significantly superior to Giza 157
with regard to yield and its components.
17. Farmyard manure gave the highest N, P, and K content
either as percentage or absolute amount in wheat plants.
18. As for faba bean, Temik produced the highest values of
plant height, number of branches/plant, and dry weight/
plant followed by farmyard manure treatment.
19. Farmyard manure and Temik gave the highest seed yield/
fad. of faba bean in the first and second seasons,
respectively.20. Faba bean cultivar Giza I was superior to Giza 3 in 100-seed weight and seed yield/fad. in the first season.
21. Cobex plus farmyard manure gave the highest percentage
or absolute amount of N in faba bean plants. Farmyard
manure Temik, and Cobex singly and in combinations
induced an increase in N, P, and K uptake by faba bean
plants. 22. With regard to Egyptian clover, the application of Temik produced the highest values of plant height in the three
cuts.23. Farmyard manure gave the highest value of number of
branches and dry weight/plant in clover plants at each
cut.24. Generally, farmyard manure produced the highest forage
yield of Meskawy clover, followed by Temik, and Temik +
farmyard manure in the three cuts.25. Farmyard manure gave the highest percentages as well as the absolute amounts per plant N, P, and K in clover 26. As for cotton, results showed that farmyard manure gave the highest plant height and number of fruiting branches.While Temik plus farmyard manure gave the highest value of dry weight/plant at the different sampling dates. 27. Farmyard manure gave the highest value of boll number and number of open bolls per plant. Temik plus farmyard
manure, and Temik + Cobex farmyard manure gave the
highest percentage of open bolls/plant in the first and
second seasons. 28. The highest values of seed cotton yield/fad. andweight of seed cotton/boll were produced by farmyard
manure and Temik + farmyard manure treatments.29. Cotton cultivar Giza 75 significantly surpassed Giza 69var. in dry weight/plant, number of bolls/plant, percentage of open bolls/plant and seed cotton yield/fad. 30. Farmyard manure gave the highest percentage or absoluteamounts/plant of N, P and K in cotton plants. Giza 69
cultivar had higher N, P and K contents compared with
Giza 75. 31. With maize, Temik gave the highest values of plant
height and dry weight per plant, Temik + Atrazine +farmyard manure gave the highest value of fourth leaf area.32. Yield and its components of maize were significantly increased by pesticide and manuring treatments. Temik + farmyard manure produced the highest value of 100-kernel weight and yield of grain/fad.
33. Pioneer 514 cultivar was superior to Balady cultivar
with regard to plant height t fourth leaf area, dryweight per plant and grain yield/fad. 34. Farmyard manure gave the highest percentage orabsolute amounts/plant of N, P and K in maize plants, 35. Pioneer 514 showed higher contents of N, P and K thanBalady cultivar.