الفهرس 
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Abstract
SULMARY
EVALUATION OF SOME NEW PROMISING FLAX
STRAINS UNDER SOIL SALINITY CONDITION
Experiments were conducted in Sakha, Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate during
1992/1993 and 1993/1994 seasons.
Ai FIRST EXPERIM..ErIT.!fOT EXPERIMENTSh
TOLERANCE OF SOME PROMISING FLAX GENOTYPES TO SALINITY
UNDER POT CONDITIONS
The nun of this investigation was to study the tolerance of six promising flax
genotypes namely (S. 355, S. 341, Giza 7. Giza 8. S. 2419 and S. 297) to salinity of
irrigation water which was added as a 1:1 mixture of sodium chloride and calcium
chloride at concentrations of 0, 1500, 3000 and 4500 ppm.
The recommended cultural practices for growing flax were followed. A spilt
plot design with four replications in each season was used, whereas the main plots
involved the genotypes and the salinity treatments in the sub-plots.
Results could be summarized as follows:
I. Straw yield and its related characters:
1~Genotypes differed significantly in all characters.
S. 341 plants were significantly superior to all other genotypes with
regard to technical stem length. stcm diameter, straw yield per plant and
fiber yield per plant.
S. 297 was the least tolerant genotype, where the increase in salt
concentration to 4500 ppm seriously reduced all characters studied.
2. There was a consistent and progressive depression in all characters studied
due to the increase in the level of salinity.
3. The significant interaction between genotypes and salinity indicated that
growing S. 341 is recommended for producing high straw yield under
salinity condition.
II. Seed yield and its related characters:
1. Genotypes differed significantly in all characters.
Giza 8 was at the top of all genotypes and was significantly superir to the
five other genotypes with regard to upper branching zone length, number of
seeds per capsule. number of seeds per plant and seed yield per plant. while
for number of capsules per plant, the three genotypes Giza 7, Giza 8 and S.
341 were superior compared with the other genotypes.
2. There was a progressive and consistent depression in all characters due to
the increase of salt concentration, but seed index increased with the increase
of salinity up to 1500 ppm level and decreased again with the rise of salinity
level up to 3000 ppm.
3. The significant interaction between genotypes and salinity indicated that
growing Giza 8. S. 34 1 arc recommended for producing high seed yield
under salinity conditions.
Ill. Technological characters:
1· Genotypes differed significantly in all characters,
S. 341 was significantly superior to all other genotypes with regard to
fiber length and fiber fineness and Giza 8 was superior to all other
genotypes with regard to oil percentage.
2- There was a consistent and progressive depression in all characters studied
with the increase in salinity level.
3- The significant interaction between genotypes and salinity indicated that S.
341 was the first genotype in fiber length and fiber fmeness and Giza 8
ranked first with regard to oil percentage.
B.; SECQND EXPJ~EUM ENT: (FEELD EXPERIMENTS):
EFFECT OF SALINITY AND SEEDING RATE ON YIELD AND
ITS COMPONENTS OF FLAX UNDER SALINE SOIL CONDITIONS
This investigation was carried out to study the effect of salinity and
seeding rate on yield and its components of the same previous six promising flax
genotypes under field condition grown in saline soil. Thee seeding rates were
used, they were 50, 60 and 70 kg per fed. during 1992/1993 season and 60, 70
and 80 kg per fed. during 1993/1994 season. The electrical conductivity (E.C.)
of the soil was 4.5 mmhos/cm in the first season and 6.5 mmhoslcm in the
second season (at a depth of 20-40 cm).
The recommended cultural practices for growing flax were followed. Each
experiment was analyzed as 6 x 3 strip plot design with four replications.
Results could be summe r ized as follows:
I. Straw yield and its related characters:
1- Genotypes differed significantly in all characters studied.
S. 341 plants were significantly superior to all other genotypes with
regard to technical stem length, straw yield per plant, straw yield per feddan
and stem diameter. Also. S. 341 was superior to all other genotypes in the
second season with regard to fiber yield per plant, fiber yield per feddan
and fiber percentage, while the commercial variety Giza 7 was superior to
all other genotypes in the first season due to the lower soil salinity (E.C. =
4.5 mmhos/cm.).
2- There was a progressive and consistent depression in all characters studied
due to the increase of soil salinity from 4.5 mmhos/cm. in the first season to
6.5 mmhos/cm. in the second one.
3- There was a .gradual increase in technical stem length, straw yield per plant,
straw yield per feddan, fiber yield per plant, fiber yield per feddan and fiber
percentage with increasing plant population density as a result of increasing
seeding rate from 50 to 60 and 70 kg/fed. in the first season and from 60 to
70 and 80 kg/fed in the second season.
4- There was a gradual decrease in stem diameter with increasing seeding rate.
5- The significant interaction between genotypes and seeding rates under soil
salinity conditions indicated that growing S. 341 and Giza 7 at 80 kg/fed.
seeding rate are recommended for producing high fiber yield with high
quality.
II. Seed yield and its related characters:
1- Genotypes differed significantly in all characters studied.
The commercial variety Giza 7 was at the top of all genotypes and was
significantly superior to the five other genotypes with regard to upper
branching zone length in the first season, while S. 297 was the best
genotype in the second one.
The commercial variety Giza 8 was significantly superior to all other
genotypes with regard to number of capsules per plant, number seeds per
plant and seed yield per plant in the first season, and S. 341 was
significantly superior to all other genotypes in the second one due to its
tolerance to salinity.
The commercial variety Giza 8 was significantly superior to all other
genotypes with regard to seed yield per feddan in the first season, and S.
355 was significantly superior to all other genotypes in the second one.
Also S. 2419 was the first genotypes in seed index.
2- The increase in seeding rates significantly reduced upper branching zone
length, number of capsules per plant, number of seeds per plant, seed yield
per plant and seed index.
3- The increase in seeding rates significantly increased seed yield per fed.
4- All genotypes showed marked reduction in all characters in the second
season compared with the first one due the increase in soil salinity from 4.5
to 6.5 mmhos/cm (E.C.).
5- The significant interaction between genotypes and seeding rates under soil
sal inity conditions indicated that growing S. 341 and S. 355 could be
recommended to produce a highe seed yield per fed. under the stress
conditions of the higher level of salinity.
III. Technological characters:
1- Genotypes differed significantly in all characters studied.
The commercial variety Giza 7 was significantly superior to all other
genotypes with regard to fiber length and fiber fineness in the first season,
but S. 341 was superior to all other genotypes in the second one.
2- S. 2419 was the best genotype for oil percentage in the first season, and S.
297 was the best genotype in the second one. Also, S. 341 and S. 355 were
more tolerant to salinity showing a reduction in oil percentage of only 0.1
and 1.50/0 respectively.
3- The commercial variety Giza 8 was the best genotype for iodine value in the
first season, and S. 341 was the best genotype in the second one.
4- The increase in seeding rate significantly increased fiber length. fiber
fineness and iodine value in both season, and oil percentage in the second
season only. In the first season, no relevance was found between seeding
rates and oil percentage.
5- The significant interaction between genotypes and seeding rates under soil
salinity conditions’ indicated that growing S. 341 at a seeding rate of gO
kg/fed is recommended for producing high technological characters.
y. Anatomical studies:
1- S. 341 plants were superior toall other genotypes when sown by the highest
seeding rate (80 kg per feddan) under soil salinity conditions with regard to
fiber area, total cross section area, xylem area/c.S., and fiber index.
2- Giza 7 plants were supelior to all other genotypes under soil salinity conditions
with regard to cortex ratio, fiber area and number of cells per bundle.
3- Giza 8 plants ranked first in relation to fiber bundle area.
4- 5.355 ranked first in relation to cortex ratio and number of fiber bundles/c.s.
5- Increasing seeding rates recorded the highest means of fiber area percentage.
number of fiber cells per bundle and per cross section and fiber index.
6- The newly releaved Giza 7 flax variety is still considered as the poupular
variety for the growers and manufactures for its fiber quantity and quality
when seeded at the rate of 80 kg seeds per fed.