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Abstract
Ever since the creation of the science of ophthalmology there has been a constant need to develop instruments that allow better visualization of the different segments of the eye.
In this essay, we discussed the massive evolution that took place in the microstructural examination of the anterior segment of the eye.
The different methods of examination can be broadly divided into invasive and non-invasive methods:
The invasive techniques include anterior segment fluorescein angiography and all the contact methods (like gonioscopy, conventional ultrasound imaging and pachymetry, ultrasound biomicroscopy, confocal microscopy and contact specular microscopy).
The non-invasive techniques, which are also non-contact include optical coherence tomography, Scheimpflug photography, non-contact specular microscopy and all the non-contact methods of corneal pachymetry.
Each of these methods of examination has different advantages, disadvantages and clinical indications that are discussed thoroughly.
Finally, a good clinician should apply all the information obtained from this essay to his clinical sense that will lead him to choose the best type of investigation required for each patient. This in turn will lead to the best interest and benefit of the patient that will finally improve his quality of life.