الفهرس 
Introduction
Malonic Acid/ Acetic anhydride systemOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The development of simple, facil, selective, and highly sensitive methods for the analysis of tertiary amine drugs in bulk as well as in the different formulations is the subject matter of this thesis which can be abstracted as follow :-
Section 1 :
This section involved the improvement of a previously reported method for the determination of tertiary amine drugs using MAA reagent. The improved method was developed and applied to nineteen tertiary amine drugs belonging to different pharmacological groups in pure forms and in pharmaceutical formulations •
The metho involves the condensation of malonic acid with
acetic anhydride unde the catalytic effect of the tertiary amines. The condensation product shows two prominent absorption peaks at 333 & 400 nm for all studied drugs 0 The apparent molar absorptivity of the 333 nm band was in the range 1.’4xl05 to 5.5xl05• Absorbance versus concentration was found linear up to 1.2 mcg/ml for all studied amine drugs. and the limit of determination is 0.1 mcg/ml •
A study of all variables resulted in improv90cnt of the previously mentioned method in terms of shorter he ting time, lower limits of detection and determination, higher mol
absorptivities. stability of the ¥o~d~n.at on products. and applicabil~ty to all types of tertiary amine salts as well as
the free bases. Interference experiments indicated that both primary and secondary amines as well as quaternary ammonium salts does not -interfere with the determination of tertiary amines
by the developed method. The method was satisfactorily applied to analyze some of the studied tertiary amines in the different pharmaceutical formulations •
Section 2 ;
This section dealt with the use of PhAA reagent as a new analytical reagent for the determination of tertiary amines • The method was based on the condensation of the two anhydrides under the catalytic effect of the tertiary amine function either free or in the form of salt. The condensation product exhibit )\ max at 302 nm for all studied drugs with apparent molar absorptivities in the range of 5.79x 04 to lo08xl05 •
Absorbance versus concentration wa found linear up to
6 mcg/ml for all studied amine drugs 0 Primary and/or secondary amines do not interfere with the precision of the method • Application of this procedure to the determination of certain
tertiary amines in pharmaceutical preparation are given •
Section 3 :
This section was concerned with the use of ascorbic acid/ acetic anhydride reagent as analytical reagent for the determin-
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ation of tertiary amines. The method depends on the interraction of tertiary amines with the AsAA reagent. where the amine function as a basic catalyst for the condensation of the two
acid anhydrides. The condensation product has max at 273,
310, and 480 nm for all the studied tertiary amines. The apparent molar absorptivity of the 273 nm band ( maximum sensittivity ) was in the range of 3.95xl04 - 5.35xl04• Absorbance versus concentration was found linear up to 10 mcg/ml for all the studied amine drugs G Primary and secondary amines do not interfere with the determination of tertiary amines by the developed method, however, other tertiary amines interfere and
this required prior separation •
The method was satisfactorily
applied to the analysis of certain tertia y amines in different pharmaceutical preparations •
Section 4 :
This section dealt with investigation of the possible mechanisms of the reaction of the three systems ( MAA, PhAA, & AsAA reagents ) with tertiary amine drugs experimentally and theoretically •
It might be noteworthy that the developed methods were the subject matter of several research articles which were presented at national, pan-Arab, and international scientific
congress •