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Abstract
Gustav Killian, the father of bronchoscopy, was a professor of Oto- Rhino Laryngologic at the University of Freiburg in 1892. In 1897, he successfully removed a bone splinter from the right bronchus of a Black Forest farmer. In August 1966, Shigeto Ikeda presented his Broncho- fiberscope (Parakash, 1999).
Rigid bronchoscopy (RB) is an invasive procedure that is utilized to visualize the oropharynx, larynx, vocal cords, and tracheal bronchial tree. It is performed for both the diagnosis and treatment of lung disorders. The procedure may be performed in an endoscopy suite with available anesthesia, but more appropriately in the operating room, and rarely in the ICU (Ernst et al., 2003).
Flexible bronchoscopy (FB) is an invasive procedure that is utilized to visualize the nasal passages, pharynx, larynx, vocal cords, and tracheobronchial tree.It is utilized for both the diagnosis and treatment of lung disorders. The procedure may be performed in an endoscopy suite, the operating room, the emergency department, a radiology suite, or at the bedside in the ICU (Dresion et al., 2001).
FB is an essential basic investigation in respiratory medicine. It enables visual inspection of the airways down to the sub segments, and allows various samples to be easily obtained. RB is now primarily used for interventional procedures, such as removal of foreign bodies, tumour ablation and insertion of stents. It is also used routinely for staging before surgical resection of tumours by thoracic surgeons. The procedure is performed under general anaesthesia with assisted or spontaneous ventilation. RB has seen resurgence in the last 2 decades (Shah, 2007).