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Abstract
River Nile which is considered the main source of water in Egypt, is severely affected by the industrial discharges containing a variety of suspended solids, oils, metals and toxic organic
compounds which alter the natural water quality. Water samples were collected monthly during the period from November 2005 to October 2006, from five sites located on the main stream of the River
Nile in Cairo segment (Kafr Elelw, El-Maasara, El-Giza,Embaba and El-Galatma).
The hydrocarbon content in the five studied sites at the time of water samples collection ranged from
34.7mg/l in Embaba and 41.5mg/l in El-Galatma, which showed chronic case of pollution. Capillary gas chromatographic analysis (CGC) of the
extracted hydrocarbons from the five collected water samples revealed that, the pollutants are of petrogenic origin. The paraffinic fraction was
ranging from 15.85% in Kafr Elelw to 34.73% in Embaba while the corresponding UCM was ranging from 84.15% to 65.27% in the same two sites.