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Abstract
Stem cells are characterized by two features: first, the ability to self renewal and, second, they must have the capacity to differentiate into many cell lines (multilineage differentiation), range from the totipotency, to the pluripotency,
multipotentiality, and lastly to the unipotentiality. Hematopoietic tissue is the preferred source of cells including stem cells compared with other organ systems, because of easy access to a large number of stem cells.
Hematopoietic tissue includes extra vascular BM, peripheral blood and Umbilical cord blood. There are a number of advantages associated with using umbilical cord blood (compared to bone marrow or peripheral blood) as a source of stem/progenitor cells. These include: wide and rapid availability, reduced rates of graft versus host disease, low rates of infectious disease transmission, and the fact that their use is more ethically acceptable