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Abstract
This study was carried out in 2 parts, part I: as a descriptive study to describe the level of serum resistin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and normal control and to describe the effect of rosiglitazone (avandia) on serum resistin level in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
This part of study was carried out on 56 subjects, divided into 4 groups, Group (1): 14 subjects as normal control, Group (2): 15 patients treated with insulin, Group (3): 15 patients treated with oral hypoglycemic drug (metformin 500mg), and Group (4): 12 patients treated with Rosiglitazone (Avandia 4mg), their ages ranged between 30 to more than 70 years. The male to female ratio in all groups was approximately 2:1.
Fasting blood samples were collected from subjects attending Diabetes Outpatient Clinic in Suez Canal University hospital and Port-Said General hospital.
Serum resistin concentration was measured by Human Resistin ElISA Kit (Linco Research, Inc) (Cat. # EZHR-95K).
We found that Human serum resistin concentration was higher in control group than in other diabetic groups, and diabetic patients treated with rosiglitazone in group 4, had lower resistin concentration than other groups.
In our study, we found no relationship between resistin concentration and sex, but there was decrease in resistin concentration with increasing age of patients, and there was positive correlation between resistin concentration and fasting blood sugar, insulin levels and body mass index
Then we carried out part 2 of this study to describe the effect of PPARγ agonist [Rosiglitazone / Avandia] on the expression of the hormone resistin mRNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of type 2 diabetic subjects and healthy subjects as control.
Blood samples were collected from patients attending diabetes outpatient clinic in Suez Canal University hospital.
This part of study was carried out on 13 subjects, 11 diabetic patients and 2 normal controls. Fasting blood samples were taken from 11 diabetic patients, from which, monocytes were isolated and cultured [each sample divided into two plates, 11 samples treated with rosiglitazone, 11 samples not treated] and 2 non –diabetic blood samples as control from which monocytes were isolated and cultured in 2 plates without treatment, the total of samples was 24 samples.
The steps of the work were monocytes isolation and culture, treatment of monocytes with rosiglitazone, RNA extraction, and relative quantitation of resistin mRNA by real time RT-PCR, Glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) mRNA [House keeping gene] was measured in each sample in the same tube with resistin as an internal control.
Four samples only out of 24 were positive for resistin and GAPDH, and 5 samples out of 24 were positive for GAPDH only. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate the presence of human serum resistin protein and resistin mRNA in diabetic patients in Egypt.
In this study, we found resistin mRNA in 4 samples of cultured monocytes which were not treated with rosiglitazone, all samples treated with rosiglitazone were negative for resistin mRNA which agree with literature where rosiglitazone was found to decrease resistin mRNA expression. There was no correlation between expression of resistin mRNA and sex, age, duration of diabetes, BMI or fasting blood sugar.
Therefore, these results suggest that rosiglitazone (Avandia) significantly reduce resistin and represents a potentially useful strategy for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.