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Abstract
The thyroid gland is one of the most important endocrine organs that almost all cells of the body are target sites for its hormones Ionizing radiation (IR) has proven to be a double-edged sword since its discovery by Dr Roentgen in 1895. The thyroid gland, which may be incidentally exposed to external irradiation during radiotherapy of carcinomas or lymphomas, is now recognized as not being as radioresistant as previously though The potential application of radioprotective in the event of planned exposures or radiation accidents has been investigated from the beginning of the nuclear era Nowadays many synthetic as well as natural compounds have been investigated for their efficacy to protect against irradiation damage. They include sulfhydryl compounds, antioxidants, plant extracts immunomodulators and other agents The aim of this study was to throw some light on the effect of gamma rays on thyroid gland of adult male albino rats and to evaluate the possible protective role of anti-oxidant vitamin E.