الفهرس 
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Abstract
This thesis comprises four chapters the first is the introduction which involves a general literature review on the different types of nucleosides as well as reviews the synthesis of three-,four-,five-,six-, and higher membered heterocycles from saccharide derivatives and studying their different reactions.the scond chapter is devoted to a detailed discussion of the results obtained throughout the work by the candidate;in which d-glucose reacted with 2,4-pentanedione.