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Abstract
This work is concerned with the area of SWRO system optimization. The membrane system design and the energy consumed in the desalting process are two major items in the economics of these plants. Noting that most SWRO plants run under variable operating conditions and parameters, this design study adopted a comprehensive approach to account for the effects of variable parameters on operation.
In the process of 1l10deling and analysis of SWRO systems both the flux rate (GFD) and the system recovery ratio (Y s) are key design parameters. In fact the selection of GFD and Y s is linked to the feed water characteristics (feed TDS, feed temperature range, feed source and level of pretreatment) and the selected membrane element specifications (maximum operating pressure, water and salt permeability coefficient, temperature correction factor, maximum allowable feed rate, and minimum brine rate).
During the course of this work an explicit expression for the membrane salt passage in terms of the process parameters was deduced. Moreover the algorithm for the proper selection of the average feed/brine salt concentration was realized, and hence the proper system recovery is identified.
Concerning the recovery of the energy that remain in the pressurized brine, all reputable energy recovery devices (ERD) were studied, investigated, and evaluated for their merits and drawbacks. The specific energy consumption for each of these devices was expressed in terms of the relevant design parameters such as feed pressure and system recovery.