الفهرس 
Liver CirrhosisOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancers in the world and it is the most common primary malignant tumor affecting the liver. HCC may arise both in liver cirrhosis (60-80% of HCCs) and in non-cirrhotic liver, in Egypt HBV and HCV are the major risk factors for HCC. Tumor markers are potential screening tools that are widely used for early diagnosis of tumors. The aim of ideal tumor marker estimation in HCC is early detection (surveillance), particularly in the higher risk groups. While AFP is a commonly used tumor marker in the detection of HCC, about 35-40% of HCC patients may have normal AFP. In addition, AFP may be elevated in non-malignant liver diseases, so, AFP is still not a reliable indicator for the detection of HCC particularly with small and early HCCs. Insulin like growth factor II (IGF-II) serve as an autocrine growth factor in various cancers. IGF-II is a kind of fetal growth factor and highly expressed during hepatocarcinogenesis and reexpression of IGF-II gene has recently been described in HCC. Serum free IGF-II level increases in patients with chronic hepatitis or liver cirrhosis, but the circulatory IGF-II m-RNA could be only detected in HCC patients. The current study aims to evaluate serum IGF-II m-RNA compared to AFP m-RNA in the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and chronic liver diseases. This study was conducted on 40 newly diagnosed hepatocellular carcinoma patients randomly selected from National Liver Institute inpatient Wards and 22 patients with cirrhosis randomly selected from the outpatient clinic of Hepatology department. National Liver Institute. Twenty apparently healthy subjects matching age and sex of the patients were used as a control group.