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Abstract
Hospital acquired infection (HAI) continues to be a major public healthcare problem worldwide. It is associated with higher mortality as well as prolonged and more expensive hospital stay.
It typically affects patients who are immunocompromised because of age, underlying diseases, or medical or surgical treatments, including implanted foreign bodies, organ transplantations. As a result, the highest infection rates are in intensive care unit (ICU) patients.
Nonfermenting Gram negative bacilli including Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Stenotrophomonas (Xanthomonas) maltophilia, and Acinetobacter spp have been implicated in a variety of nosocomial infections particularly in intensive care units (ICUs).
The aim of this study was to overview the problem of HAI in ICUs in National Liver Institute and to determine the risk factors predisposing to these infections, to determine the incidence of Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter nosocomial infections in ICU in National Liver Institute and to assess the occurence of ESβLs and MβLs among these isolates and their antimicrobial suseptibility patterns, to identify the organisms responsible for different types of nosocomial infections in ICUs and find out distribution of nosocomial isolates from patients and those isolated from hospital staff and ICU environment.
The present study was conducted during the period from October 2007to November 2008. It included 160 nosocomially infected patients (97males and 63 females) their ages ranged from 7 days to 70 years (mean