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Abstract
Aim of this work is to study Zinc And Its Importance As A Trace Element In Pediatric Age Group The Clinical Pictures Management And Prevention Of Its Deficiency. Zinc is an essential trace element in human and animal nutrition with a wide range of biological roles .Zinc is present in all body tissues and fluids. The total body zinc content has been estimated to be 30 mmol (2g). Skeletal muscle accounts for approximately 60% of the total body content and bone mass, with a zinc concentration of 1.5–3 mmol/g (100–200mg/g), . The concentration of zinc in lean body mass is approximately 0.46 mmol/g (30 mg/g). Plasma zinc has a rapid turnover rate and it represents only about 0.l% of total body zinc content . This level appears to be under close homeostatic control. High concentrations of zinc are found in the choroid of the eye (4.2mmol/g or 274mg/g) and in prostatic fluids (4.6–7.7mmol/l or 300–500mg/l).
Zinc is an essential component of a large number (>300) of enzymes participating in the synthesis and degradation of carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids as well as in the metabolism of other micronutrients. Zinc stabilizes the molecular structure of cellular components and membranes and in this way contributes to the maintenance of cell and organ integrity. Furthermore, zinc has an essential role in polynucleotide transcription and thus in the process of genetic expression. Its involvement in such fundamental activities probably accounts for the essentiality of zinc for all life forms . Zinc plays a central role in the immune system, affecting a number of aspects of cellular and hum oral immunity.