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Abstract
The objective of this work is to investigate the re-refining of used lubricating oils using IOlvent extraction process. The characteristics of used lubricating oils, utilization methods, elimination methods, environmental and human health effects were reviewed. Also, the various re-refining processes were described and a comparison between them was made to indicate the advantages and disadvantages of solvent extraction process. Experiments were carried out on used oils collected from several service stations. Used oils were subjected to -preliminary treatment to remove water and dust followed by solvent :extraetion of base oil using different classes of solvents including alcohols (i.e. methanol, 1¬
panol, butyl alcohol and iso-butanol), ketones (i.e. acetone and methylethyl ketone) and n solvent (i.e. Hexane) to pre-select suitable solvents.
ch scale study was carried out to investigate the effect of different variables including
• fug time, mixing speed, settling time and temperature. Extraction processes were carried .out using butyl alcohol, I-propanol, and acetone. The results obtained indicate that extraction ,with butyl alcohol gives the highest extraction yield of 93.4% with high impurities at lower . mixing time of 5 minutes and mixing speed of 400 r.p.m. at 25 DC, followed by I-propanol . where the extraction yield was 90.7%, but at higher mixing time of 25 minutes and mixing
of 1200 r.p.m at 60 DC. An extraction yield of 51% was obtained by acetone at mixing e of2S minutes and mixing speed of 1200 r.p.m at 25 DC.
extracted base oils were analyzed to determine the effect of solvent on the metallic and content. It was found that the metallic content of the extracted base oil by acetone is the followed by butyl alcohol. On the other hand, the sulfur content of the extracted oil by alcohol was lower than that using acetone. Solvent extraction method can be used as a treatment stage in the used oil re-refining process followed by adsorption using activated or hydro-treating process to improve the colour and odor of the extracted base oil.