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Abstract
The prevalence of overweight and obesity had a dramatic increase in their incidence in the last three decade, which prompted WHO to label obesity as a global epidemic disease. Overweight and obesity affect self esteem, body image and it is well-known that persons who are overweight or obese are at an increased risk for psychological disorders.
The aim of this work is to determine the psychosocial and anthropometric states of obese children and adolescents and wither they are changed with different methods used to decrease Body Mass Index.
Subjects and Methods: This work was conducted on 40 obese adolescents in Zagazig city in preparatory and secondary schools during the period from September 2005 to March 2006, divided into two groups:
Group I: including 20 obese adolescents (11female and 9 male) were following diet regimen to decrease their body weight. Follow up for them every 2 weeks guided by body weight for six months.
Group II: Including 20 obese adolescents (12female and 8 male), were following non diet approach to decrease their weight which include; regular physical exercise, nutritional education and try to change their behavior into a healthy one. At the start of this work, All cases in both groups were subjected to, full history taking, thorough clinical examination, measurements (body weight, body height and BMI), psychosocial assessment using Self Concept Scale, laboratory investigations (serum cholesterol, liver enzymes, random blood sugar). Another assessment for BMI and self concept were done after six months.
Results: Obese adolescents had a low self concept and self esteem (Self Concept Score was less than normal, 37.9T in group I and 39.1T in group II) with insignificant difference between both groups at the beginning of the study. BMI decreased in both groups, it decreased in group I (dieting) from 31.19 to 29.39 and in group II (physical exercise) decreased from29.96 to 27.66. Physical exercise decreased BMI more than dieting. Decreasing BMI improves self concept and self esteem in both groups with insignificant difference between both groups. Dieting decrease BMI and improve self concept and self esteem more in female than in male. Physical exercise decrease BMI and improve self concept and self esteem in both male and female with insignificant difference between them. No significant correlation was found between obesity and serum cholesterol, blood sugar, liver enzymes and blood pressure. No significant statistical difference was found between the two groups regarding age, sex and duration of obesity.