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Abstract
Stroke is the most frequent serious neurological disorder in the world and the third leading cause of death is industrialized countries (Berthier and Marcelol, 2005).
One of the most devastating disabilities is aphasia. Aphasia is an impairment of language, affecting the production or comprehension of speech and the ability to read or write, most commonly due to a stroke (Berthier and Marcelol, 2005).
Aphasia can be so severe to make communication with the patient almost impossible. It may affect mainly a single aspect of language use, or more commonly multiple aspects of communication are impaired, while some channels remain accessible for a limited exchange of information. It is the job of the professional to determine the amount of function available in each of the channels of language, and to assess the possibility that treatment might enhance the use of the channels that are available (National Aphasia Association, 2001 ).
The aim of this study is to determine the type, severity of aphasia in acute stroke patients and to evaluate the language outcome after stroke This study was carried out on sixty patients suffering from cerebrovascular stroke; they were divided into two groups Group (A): 30 patients with poststroke aphasia seen during the first week after stroke, their age ranged from 45-70 with mean age 55.46 ±8.35years, they were 25 males (83.3%) and 5 females (16.7%) with male: female ratio 5:1.
Regarding residence 21 of them (70%) were living in rural areas and 9 patients(30%) were living in urban areas.
Out of 30 patients 18 patients (60%) were illiterate and 12 patients (40%) were literate. All patients were fluent Arabic speaker. All patients were right handed.
Group (B): 30 patients suffering from cerebrovascular stroke and don’t have aphasia, their age ranged from 45-70 with mean age 54.2 ±8.7 years, they were 15 males (50%) and 15 females (50 %) with male: female ratio 1:1.
Regarding residence 21 of them (70%) were living in rural areas and 9 patients (30%) were living in urban areas. Out of 30 patients 15 patients (50%) were illiterate and 15 patients (50%) were literate. All patients were fluent Arabic speaker. All patients were right handed. All patients were subjected to 1- General medical and neurological examination using cerebrovascular assessment sheet.
2 - Classification of aphasia: Our aphasic patients were classified according to Nasreeddine et al.,(1999) classification into:
a. Perisylvian syndromes (19) patients (63.33%):Broca’s aphasia 6 patients, Wernicke’s aphasia 5 patients, conduction aphasia one patient and global aphasia 7 patients b. Extrasylvian syndromes (33.34%):Transcortical motor aphasia 4 patients, transcortical sensory aphasia 3patients and mixed Transcortical aphasia 3 patients.
c. Nonlocalizing aphasic syndromes (3.33%):Anomic aphasia one patient.
3- KAAT applied by Hassanein (1995).
The test was done on addmition and after one month, two months and three month from the onset. The test shows significant difference between group A and group B in different items of the test with lower score for aphasic patients