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Abstract The present investingation was carried out using nine local and exotic cultivars . These cultivars were maintained in highly homogenous conditions at Onion Resarch Section, Agriculture Research Center : The parents were divided into two groups and diallel criss mating system was used to estimate the genetic parameters that controlling the performance of the parents of each group . The parents of the first group were : ” Ben shamen (1)” ” Castl Early Skipper(2)” ” Composite 16(3)” , ”Composite 8(4)”, ”PUSS(5)” ” Yellow Crele (6)” , and ”Ori(7)” But those of the second group were ”Giza 6 Mohassan (1). ”Ben shamen(2)” ”castle Early Skipper (3)” ”perla(4) ” composite 16 (5)” , ”composite 8” (6) ” and ”Ori(7) . ” crossing were made in the open field in the growing season of 1991/1992. Then , the parents and their f1 hybrids fof each group were separately evaluated at Suds Research Station in the growing season of 1992/1993. Randomized Complete Block design with three replicates was used in each experiment . Each entry was represented by plot of 4 rows(100x50cm ) contained 60 plants , spaced 7 cm apart . Components of genetic variation, general and specific combining ability effects , mid and high – parent heterosis , and broad and narrow sense heritabilities were estimated for 18 quantitative characters in each group |