الفهرس 
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Abstract
The present thesis is concerned with the modification of the perties of nylon 6 fibers having the trade name Misr-nylon by ction with benzene sulfonyl halides , phosphoryl chloride and
’chloro methyl mercaptan. The reaction is intended to improve
e thermal stability, the chemical stability and fire-retardancy the fibers.
An extensive literature on the subject of modifying the prorties of polyamides in order to produce fibers with new properes have been reported. The most important of these modificat-
Ins are the imparting of fire -,heat - and chemical - resistance I polyamide fibers. The patent literature contains some informa¬Ion about the imparting of fire- , heat - and chemical - resisi n c e top 0 I yam i des, and the re is I i m i t e d n u m b e r 0 f wo r k s d e a I i n g in the introduction of these properties to polyamides. Most of h~se works dealt with the modifications carried out using disso¬ved polycaprolactams and a very little work has b~~n published on he imparting of these properties to already spun and drawn fibers.
One of the most effective ways for the production of polymeric laterials having high melting points and with improved fire - and
:hemical _ resistant is the introduction of aromatic group, halo ¬gens or phosphorus in their chemical structure. The influence of an aromatic group i’n a linear polymer is to make the molecule more rigid, to increase the cohesive forces, and thereby to raise the melting point and improve the chemical stability. Halogen and ph¬osphorus _ containing compounds have been used effectively as fire-
retardants for polyamides.
The use of benzene euphony halides for the improving of the properties of nylon 6 fibers has not been appeared in the liter although the patent literature indicated the treatment of mo¬~s of aromatic polyamides with benzene sulfonylurea halides. There- the study, of the modification of the properties of nylon 6 rs by acylation with benzene euphony halides - pyridine com¬ds constitutes the first part of this thesis. Benzene sulpho-
chloride and p-toluene euphony chloride were used for the mo¬cation of nylon 6 fibers having the trade name Misr - nylon.
Modified fibers obtained by our method of modification have
1 melting temperatures and were chared with no melting at temptures 400 c , while the unmodified fibers melted and decompo-
at ~15 _ 220 C. The modified fibers were insoluble in all co-
n solvents of nylon 6 and lost about 80% of their solubility in ong mineral acids and were par’tially soluble in aqua regia; indiing highly improved chemical stability The modified nylon 6lers have improved fire- retardancy and the carbon residue, which a measure of fire-retardancy • reaches a value of about 23 times ~her than that of the unmodified fibers. The results of modific-
ion of nylon 6 f”ibers showed that the benzene sulfonyl halide trements makes nylon non-fusin and thus reduces the risk of deep bus occaisioned by the untreated yarn.
The experimental results of the modification of Misr-nylon fi¬! r s b y t rea t rn e n t wit h P - t 0 I u e n e sui f 0 n y I ( 11 I 0 r I cl e ( P T se) and ben -
!nesulfonyl chloride ( BSC) show that the sulfur content of the ldified fibers , which may be taken as a measure of the rei1ction Ktent , increased with increasing reaction temperature and the co- tentration of the benzenesulfonyl halide in the reaction mixture.
he sulfur content is not practically affected by increasing reaction .