الفهرس 
AcknowledgmentOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
There is a significant difference between the humaneC08~ics approach to a problem and the classical material
~ics approach. The material economics approach is a ~ely quantitative pproach to economic decision making illitiated by Adam Smi th and others in the eighteenth and ~teenth centuries, and refined into a highly formalized
discipline by John Kayres and others in the twentieth I ~ury. Its main guiding principles are:lll ”all decision criteria can be expressed in money equivalent terms .
ization should lead the decisionmaking process in ~ a way to maximize their money profit”Material LSuuonics approach is based on the assumption that if both ~le and organizations act according to its guiding fll’.iaciples, the greatest number of pe.ople will benefit. a.ently many people have been questioning the val idi ty of
”’S assumption. They provide convincing evidence that theWIlerial economics approach leads to decisions with~erous long-range consequences; for example, depletion •• li.ited natural resources or degradation of everyone’s ironmental qual ity, or which forces people into
~trating and meaninglessworksituations. Another trend,,-cb undermines the validity of the basic material
omics assumption is the global trend away from a ”’rily production oriented economy towards a primarily~ice oriented economy. Since,).