الفهرس 
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Abstract
This study is dealing with the marine pollution and
how it finds its way to the sea from different sources,
especially from shipping activities. More care and
focusing are given to the sources of oil pollution
from shipping activities especially which are resulting
from the operations and accidents of oil tankers.
In this study, the earliest international conventions
and amendments which are related to the object of reducing
and preventing oil pollution are discussed . This are
followed by discussing the highlights of the new and the
comprehensive international convention for the pollution
prevention from ships in 1973 and its PROTOCOL in 1978,
.,hick is called MARPOL 73/73. The MARPOL 73/78 is
discussed from the engineering point of view to
investigate the main points such as the criteria to
regulate the discharging of ’the pollutants which are
resulting from ships during their service at the sea, the
equipment which must be carried on board to reduce and
z,event the pollution of ship operations.
The new design considerations for oil tankers are
-iscussed in more details such as segregated ballast
ranks as a protective location together with their
advantages and disadvantages.