الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Smoking is the most important preventable cause of respiratiry diseases .
Smoking is responsible for the majority of cases of lung cancer , chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) , many cases of respiratory infections including pneumococcal npneumonia influenza and tuberculosis, as well as for desquamative interstitial pneumonitis and other forms of interstitial lung disease.
It is a major risk factor for adverse post-operative events including respiratory infection, cardiovascular events and delayed wound healing.