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Abstract
The aim of this work was to study the incidence of different patterns of cases of abdominal injuries admitted to the emergency unit in Alexandria Main University Hospital through a period of six months starting from July the first to December the thirty first 2007. During this period we had 210 victims who constituted our study population.
Each patient’s admission sheet, cases and records were analysed.
The data included the patient personal history, districts of injury, location of injury, time of arrival, mode of transportation, cause of injury, the type of injury ( whether blunt or penetrating ), the injured abdominal organ, other systemic injuries beside abdominal injury, the general condition of the patient, investigation, management, outcome, cure and mortality rates.
The results recorded were as follow:
• The increased number of abdominally injured patients in Alexandria occurred in summer season.
• The majority of abdominally injured patients were young, (82.4%) of all abdominally injured victims were under the age of forty.
• The highest incidence of abdominally injured patients was in the third decade of life and the lowest incidence in the seventh decade.
• Males were found to be five folds higher risk of abdominal trauma than females.
• The majority of abdominal trauma patients (34.8%) were residents of the East of Alexandria district.
• Streets were the commonest place in which the abdominal injuries occurred (75.5%).
• Patients with no fixed job showed the highest incidence of abdominal injury (32.4%).
• The majority of abdominally injured victims (42.8%) were admitted to the emergency department in the time period (2pm-8pm).
• Most abdominally injured patients (81.4%) arrived at the emergency department by other methods of transportation and (18.6%) by ambulance.
• The first cause of abdominal injuries was the car accidents (47.6%) followed by stab wounds (22.4%).
• Blunt abdominal trauma was the commonest type of injury (70.5%) followed by penetrating trauma (29.5%).
• The spleen was the commonest abdominal organ affected by injury (24.3%), the second most common was the liver (18.1%).
• The chest was the commonest system affected by injury besides the abdominal injury (28.3%).
• The majority of abdominally injured patients (84.8%) arrived to the emergency department were non-shocked.
• Regarding revised trauma score the highest incidence of patients (71.4%) was included in the maximum score category.
• The majority of patients were managed conservatively for 2-3 days then were subjected to surgical interference (47.6%).
• The majority of abdominally injured patients (91%) were cured and discharged and the mortality rate constituted (9%) of our study population.