الفهرس 
Introduction and Aim of the WorkOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
This work aims at studying the carotids, renal and peripheral arteries in first degree relatives of patients with diabetes mellitus to verify the presence of early atherosclerotic changes.
We can conclude that by the use of high-resolution Duplex sonography (a useful noninvasive approach for the detection of very early atherosclerotic changes in the arterial vessele walls) the present study showed that atherosclerotic changes (increased intimal thickness) in the common and internal carotid arteries as well as in the common femoral arteries can be detected in the normoglycemic first-degree relatives of diabetics.
These atherosclerotic changes were found to be increasing with age but have no sex predilection.
These atherosclerotic changes may be explained by the significantly increased levels of fasting and post-prandial blood sugar in the relatives group compared with the control group in this study.
It can be concluded also that intima-media thickness may be a useful tool in studies that deal with primary prevention of diabetes mellitus and atherosclerosis.
Further studies needed to verify the presence of microangiopathy in the first-degree relatives of diabetes (such as the detection of microalbuminuria, fluorescing angiography, retro-bulbar blood flow …etc).