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Abstract
FMD is highly contagious viral disease, which affects all cloven hoofed animals.
FMD unnoticed in sheep, most of sheep look healthy except on careful examination . the mild nature of FMD in sheep was considered responsible for wide spread of the disease .
Therefore, this sudy was conducted to determine the epidemiological situation of FMD in sheep by detecting the nonstructural proteins 3ABC antibodies in sheep sera collected from 4 different governorates .
1540 sheep sera samples were collected from 4 governorates , Marsa Matrouh, Ismaillia, Suez ,and Monofia as follow :
280 sheep sera samples were collected from 5 different localities in Marsa Matrouh governorates , which representative as a border governorates.
552 samples from 5 different localities ftom Ismaillia governorate, from which the FMD outbreak of 2006 was started . FMDV type A2006 was transmitted from imported infected bull in quarantine station in Ismaillia to other susciptible animals.
200 sheep sera were collected from Suez governorate, which is representative as sea port .
also 508 samples from Monofia governorate , which is considered one of the Delta governorates .
Serum neuralizulation test and ELISA were used to determine the prevalence of specific FMDV antibodies to type A 2006 and type Oı.
FMDV-3ABC-ELISA was conducted to detect the presence of nonstructural protein (NSP) 3ABC on positive samples of antibodies to type A2006 and Oı. The presence of NSP 3ABC proved the presence of present or past infection ,also differentiate between infected and vaccinated animals.
First: By using serum neutralization test.
In Marsa Matrouh governorate , the results showed that 49 sheep sera samples were positive to the prevalence of antibodies to type Oı with percentage 17.5 % , and showed that 22 positive samples to type A2006 with precentage 7.9 % from 280 samples which represent the total collected samples.
In Ismaillia governorate , the results showed the prevalence of FMDV antibodies to type Oı in 78 samples with percentage 14.1 % , and 92 positive samples for type A2006 with percentage 16.6 % from 552 sheep sera samples.
In Suez governorate, the results showed the prevalence of 54 positive samples for antibodies to type Oı with percentage 27 %, and there is no prevalence of any antibodies against type A2006, this because the samples were collected from this governorate before 2006 outbreak for FMDV.
In Monofia governorate, the results showed thar 52 samples were positive to the prevalence of antibodies against FMDV of type Oı with percentage 10.2 % , and 120 samples were positive to type A2006 with percentage 23.4 %.
The total positive samples for the prevalence of antibodies were 233 samples were positive for type Oı with percentage 15.1 %, and 234 samples were positive for type A2006 with percentage 15.2 %from 1540 samples.
Second :By using ELISA test
In Marsa Matrouh governorate , the results showed that 58 samples were positive for type Oı with percentage 20.7 % , and showed that 28 samples were positive for type A2006 with precentage 10%.
In Ismaillia governorate, there were 88 positive samples for type Oı with percentage 15.9 % , and 106 positive samples for type A2006 with percentage 19.2 %.
In Suez governorate , the result was 62 positive samples for type Oı with percentage 31 %.
In Monofia governorate , the results showed that 57 samples were positive for type Oı with percentage 11.2 %, and 138 samples were positive for type A2006 with percentage 27.2 %.
The total positive samples for type Oı were 265 samples with percentage 17.2 % , and 272 positive samples for type A2006 with percentage 17.6 % from 1540 samples which represent total samples . By using ELISA test.
Third: By using FMDV-3ABC-ELISA
The prevalence of antibodies against nonstructural protein (NSP) 3ABC proved the presennce of present or past infection, this protein was a result of virus replication, and was not a result of vaccination.
So the results as follow:
In Marsa Matrouh governorate , 99 positive samples for prevalence of antibodies to both type Oı and A2006were tested by CHEKIT-3ABC-ELISA, 96 samples were positive for the persence of nonstructural protein (NSP) 3ABC with percentage of 36.1 % , and there were only 3 negative samples .
In Ismaillia governorate , 164 samples were tested , there were 158 positive samples with precentage 28.6 % , while 6 samples were scored negative for antibodies to NSP 3ABC.
In Suez governorate, 62 samples were tested. There were 55 positive samples with percentage 27.5 %, and 7 samples were free from antibodies to NSP 3ABC .
In Monofia governorate , the analysis proved the prevalence of antibodies of nonstructural protein in 158 samples with percentage of 31.1 % from total samples (173) , and 15samples were negative.
from the obtained results we found that FMDV -3ABC antibodie were detected in 467 sheep serum samples out of total 1540 representing 30.3 %.