الفهرس 
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Abstract
Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is the chronic inflammatory liver disease of unknown etiology, demonstrating progressive injury of liver, finally leading to insufficiency of this organ. It is rare disease presents 5% of all chronic liver diseases (Pol Arch., 2006).
Biliary atresia is an inflammatory fibrosclerosing lesion of the bile ducts that leads to biliary cirrhosis and is the most frequent indication for liver transplantation in children (Mack et al., 2006).
Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a progressive disease of the biliary tract characterized by diffuse inflammation and fibrosis of both intra- and extrahepatic bile ducts (Lan et al., 2007). Currently, PSC is the fifth most common indication for liver transplantation in the USA, but in the Nordic countries, PSC is the most important indication for orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) (Piero et al., 2005).
Overlap syndrome describes variant forms of the major hepatobiliary autoimmune diseases, autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), and primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). Patients with overlap syndromes present with both hepatitic and cholestatic biochemical and histological features of AIH, PBC, and/or PSC, and usually show a progressive course toward liver cirrhosis and liver failure without adequate treatment (Semin Liver Dis., 2005).
Hepatitis A infection is known to induce autoimmune hepatitis and autoimmune hemolytic anemia. And it is important to vaccinate children against hepatitis A infection to protect them from its complications and also from autoimmune diseases induced by this infection (Turk., 2003).
Viral infection has long been considered the most likely etiologic basis for autoimmune hepatitis (Albert et al., 2003) Even if the exact mechanism by which they could cause the pathological immune reaction is unknown, some theoretical models of interaction were formulated on the basis of several observations (Maggiore et al., 2005). There has been evidence implicating measles virus, hepatitis viruses, cytomegalovirus, and Epstein–Barr virus as initiators of the disease; the most convincing evidence is related to hepatitis viruses (Edward et al., 2006).