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المستخلص
Beta thalassemia major (b-TM) is very serious blood condition since individuals with it are unable to make enough healthy red blood cells and depend on blood transfusions all their life.
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is the most common endocrine –metabolic disease in children and adolescent. Poor glycemic control in IDDM can lead to decrease HDL-C (highly- density lipoprotein cholesterol) and increase LDL-(low-density lipoprotein cholesterol) and triglyceride (TG) levels coronary heart disease (CHD) occurs earlier and more frequently in diabetes than in non-diabetes. Abnormal lipid profile and lipoprotein oxidation (especially LDL-C) are more common in diabetic patients and aggravated with poor glycemic control. LDL oxidation causes cytotoxic reaction and increase the risk of atherogenesis.
High-resolution ultrasound is a reliable, noninvasive method for detecting early structural and functional atherosclerotic change s in the arterial wall. Increase carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) is structural marker of early atherosclerosis that correlates with vascular risk factors, relates to the severity and extent of coronary artery disease, and predicts the likelihood of cardiovascular events in population groups.