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Abstract
Benign breast disorders are much more common than breast cancer in hospital clinic. They include a large variety of pathological types and have different classifications. They were pathologically classified into fibrocystic changes, neoplasms, inflammatory lesions, developmental abnormalities and other rare conditions as proliferative stromal lesions, redial scar and complex sclerosing lesions.
They were furtherly classified according to the relative risk of developing breast cancer into high, moderate, mild and no risk lesions. The factors modifying breast cancer risk in women with biopsy-confirmed benign breast disease including family history and menopausal status were discussed showing that the presence of a family history of breast cancer in a first degree relative (mother, sister or daughter) is associated with a slight increase in the breast cancer risk in women with proliferative lesions without atypia, and that lobular neoplasia is also more strongly associated with risk for premenopausal than postmenopausal carcinoma.
Regarding the diagnosis of BBD, it should be based on the clinical picture and the presentation of the patient together with using the suitable investigations.
The triage of investigations mandated is USG (ultrasonography), mammography, and FNA (Fine Needle Cytology). In contrast to women greater than 35 years, mammography is not indicated in young females because of the low risk of breast cancer, increased risk of radiation induced malignant change and poor image quality due to dense fibroglandular breast tissue.