الفهرس 
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Abstract
In this thesis, we give an overview on optical code division multiple access , (CDMA) networks, study the network at the physical and data link layers, and propose two network protocols, Also, previous work in both wavelength division multiple access (WDMA) and CDf\’1A network protocols is presented.
In the first proposal, we present a media access control (MAC) protocol and analyze an optical CDMA packet network with variable length data traffic. We focus on sliding window protocol with variable window size. A model for interference level fluctuation and an accurate analysis for channel usage are presented. Both multiple access interference (MAl) and photo detector’s shot noise are considered. The system performance is evaluated using the traditional average system throughput and average delay. Also, we apply error control codes (ECCs) in order to enhance the overall performance. Results indicate that the performance can be enhanced to reach its peak using ECC with optimum number of correctable errors.
In the second proposal. it new protocol for optical networks is presented. Our proposed protocol is based on the selective retransmission technique. A mathematical model is presented using a detailed state diagram. The proposed protocol is analyzed using equilibrium point analysis (EPA) and its performance is examined using traditional throughput and average delay for several network parameters. Also, we compared the performance of the proposed protocol to the R3T protocol based on goback-n technique. Results show that our proposed protocol is suitable for small and large network population as well as small and large propagation delays, and gives much higher performance over the R3T protocol. This advantage of the proposed protocol is acquired at the expense of more system complexity at both transmitter and receiver sides.