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Abstract
The brachial plexus is a fragile group of nerves composed of the lower four cervical roots ( C5 – C8 ) and the first thoracic root ( T1 ) . Exiting through the anterior vertebral foramina, then coursing through the posterior triangle of the neck, past the clavicle and towards the upper extremity, the brachial plexus is vulnerable to injury as a result of traction on the extremity or distraction of the head from the clavicle.
Risk factors for brachial plexus palsy include large - for- gestational age infants (macrosomia), multiparous pregnancies, previous deliveries resulting in brachial plexus birth palsy, prolonged labor, breech delivery, shoulder dystocia and assisted (Vaccum or forceps) and difficult deliveries. Delivery by cesarean section does not exclude the possibility of a birth palsy, that support the involvement of maternal expulsive forces and intrauterine maladaptation