الفهرس 
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Abstract
This thesis investigates the behavior of structures resting on elastic foundation and containing local cracks. The stiffness matrix method and fracture mechanics techniques are used in the analysis. Redistributions of internal forces in the structure due to the presence of local cracks are studied.
A computer program is developed to study plane frames resting on elastic foundations and underground tunnels. The program depends on the stiffness matrix method for both the frame and the foundation. The soil is represented by vertical and horizontal springs, and the cracks are represented by fracture mechanics techniques. To check the accuracy of the program, the results obtained from the developed program are compared with some verification problems, which were published before. Good agreements are achieved.
The program was applied to study three structures:
1) Multi-story frame resting on elastic foundation and containing a local crack, the considered soil model is Winkler’s model.
2) Multi storey frame resting on elastic foundation and containing a local crack, the considered soil model is Continuum model.
3) Underground tunnel contains a crack .
The effects of the following variables on the bending moment in the structures are investigated.
- Crack depth ratio
- Number of floors
- Raft thickness
- Type of soil
Finally, the obtained results are discussed for all studied variables and recommendations for structural analysis are drawn.